인공지능
Week 1 : Introduction
1
강의내용
학문
vs.
기술
vs.
철학적인
문제
들
인공지능의
고전적이고
기본적인
이론들
탐색
지식표현과
추론
학습과
예측
…
IT
기술의
최근
이슈에
대한
조사
향후
변화된
상황에서의
새로운
이슈들과
남겨진
문제들
2
강의
운영
방법
수업
:
이론
및
실습
이론
: AI, Data Mining, Search
등
실습
:
탐색방법
: C
나
Java
지식표현
및
추론
: Lisp + KM(Knowledge Machine)
데이터마이닝
: SPSS, Clementine
등
.
발표
:
주제
및
최근
이슈에
관한
조사
발표
개인
과제
및
팀
프로젝트
팀
멤버는
3~4
명
3
평가방법
반영비율
개인
성취율
:
중간고사
: 30%
기말고사
: 30%
과제
및
팀
프로젝트
: 30%
출석
및
수업참여도
: 10%
(
변경될
수
있음
.)
4
상대평가
구간
최소
최대
A
20
~
35
B
20
~
40
C,D
25
~
50
F
0
~
5
Week 1 ~ 2 : AI Introduction
5
What is Artificial Intelligence?
Study of how to make Computers do things which (at the moment) people
do better
Vague?
Different
View Points
Engineering
, Science, Philosophy
Artificial Intelligence: Definition
McCarthy
‘
the science and engineering
of
making intelligent
machine, especially
intelligent computer programs
‘
using
computers to
understand human intelligence
’
What is Intelligence?
Aspects of
Intelligence
problem solving
memorize logical reasoning , intuition
, judgment,
creativity …
learning
commonsense
..
emotion
, cognition, love, hate,.. etc.
What is intelligence?
we
know it when we see it
(
relative concept
)
What is the most basic intelligence?
Turing Test
Ultimate Intelligence: Turing
suggested
Imitation Game (next slide)
Intelligent
as much
as
Human
Is dog intelligent ?
Any man
-
made system passed Turing Test ?
--
Any Examples in SF Movie?
Imitation Game
Intelligent System
Cognition
Understanding
Judgment
Flexible
Automated
Optimized
AI : Engineering Aspects
Making Computer (or
IT
Systems)
more Intelligent
–
better
performance
(
performance? )
Making Machines more
User Friendly
Making a Thinking Machine :
Robot
Can machine think ?
Examples of AI Systems
Intelligent
Home Appliances
Intelligent Building
HCI (Human Computer Interaction)
Intelligent Traffic Control
Robots
Voice, Character Recognition
Ubiquitous System
Cognitive Science
Artificial
Intelligence
Psychology
Neuro
-
Science
Linguistics
Philosophy
Program(algorithm) = mind?
Mind Model
Is mind a chemical reaction?
In Search of Semantics
Can Machine have a Mind?
Brief History of
AI
’
50
1956
–
Dartmouth Conference
MaCarthy
,
Minsky
, Newell
Lisp
60
GPS(General
Problem Solver)
–
Newell
Chess
Programs
’
70
Theorem
Proving
–
resolution(Robinson)
Prolog
’
80
Expert Systems
–
Mycin
,
Prospector
Neural Net
’
90
-
Present
Software Agent, Data Mining
Semantic Web
Ontology
Success / Failure
Sad Story of Machine Translation
Compiler
: Programming Language
Can
you do the same to human language?
“
time flies like an arrow
”
Bonanza
Prospector : first AI system
of
commercial success
Challenge == Machine Understanding!!
AI Impact
Programming Language
Lisp
, Prolog, Object Oriented Language
Database
Knowledge
-
base
, Ontology, NL Query
Internet
Semantic
web, XML
Network
Ubiquitous, Bio
-
Informatics, etc.
Approaches of AI Systems
Knowledge
-
based Approach
(Top Down, Deduction, Symbolic)
u
䑡瑡t䑲iv敮e䅰灲o慣a
⡂o瑴t洠啰Ⱐ䥮摵捴Io測n乥瑷Nr欩
u
Knowledge
-
based System
Represent
Human knowledge
as symbol combination (Rule)
u
䭮潷汥摧攠䅣煵qsi瑩o渠慮搠剥灲敳敮瑡瑩on
䑥D畣瑩u攠卹s瑥t
u
䱯杩挬c䕸灥r琠卹s瑥洬t䙵空礠䱯杩c
Data Driven Approach
Extract common characteristics from collected examples(data)
u
Tr慩湩湧⡃orr散琯e湣潲r散琠䑡瑡t
u
却S瑩s瑩捡c 䵥M桯hⰠ䅲瑩晩捩fl 乥畲慬 乥瑷Nrk
䑡瑡t䵩湩湧
Generality vs Performance
Trade off
Initial Attempts
䝥湥G慬
偲P扬敭e卯lvi湧n⡆慩l畲u)
Complexity : Toy Problems Only
Recent
AI Systems: Specialized Approach
Knowledge Based Approach
Expert Systems
Machine Translation
Human
vs
AI
Technology
Eye
-
Vision, Character Recognition
Mouth
-
Speech Generation
Arms
Legs
-
Robot Arms, Autonomous Vehicle
-
Intelligent Agent,
Softbot
Brain
-
Knowledge Representation
-
Reasoning/ Planning
-
Machine Learning
Other
-
Natural Language
-
Speech Recognition
Research Areas
Symbolic Programming
Knowledge Representation
Search & Planning
Automated Reasoning
Machine Learning/ Data Mining
Artificial Neural Net
Ontology
AI : Future
Application of AI Technology
Smart Home
Web Auto Translation System
Voice Recognition/ Intelligent
HCI
Unified Paradigm
Symbolic Processing + Neural Processing
Knowledge
-
based + Data Driven
AI : Future
AI in everywhere, AI in nowhere
啢i煵q瑯畳u卹s瑥浳
Softbot
(Software Robot)
Human Computer Interface
Understanding
佮瑯lo杹
(Real) Robot
……
…..
과제
AI
관련
영화
보기
예
) A.I
나
I.
로봇
가능한
다양한
관점으로
감상하여
평하기
공학적
인지과학적
윤리학적
철학적
?
A4 1
장
분량의
소감문
제출
보고서
표지
작성하지
마시고
,
보고서
상단에
학번
/
이름
표기
26
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