Transaction Processing Systems

Transaction Processing Systems

A transaction is a record of an event that signifies a business
exchange

A transaction processing system is a basic business system
that support the functions of

•
Recording

•
Monitoring

•
Evaluating

the basic activities of the business

Fig. 13.1 Transaction Processing Systems

Examples of basic manufacturing/production systems are:



materials purchasing



receiving



shipping



process control



numerical control



equipment



quality control



labor costing



robotic systems

Examples of basic sales/marketing systems are:



sales



telemarketing



order processing



point
-
of
-
sales systems



credit authorization

Figure 13.4 Amazon.com Order Processing System

Examples of basic finance/accounting systems are:



accounts receivable



accounts payable



general ledger



payroll



cash management



loan processing



check processing



securities trading

Examples of basic human resource systems are:



personnel record keeping



applicants tracking



positions listing



training and skills



benefits

Questions to ask

•
Where does the system obtain its data?

•
What does the system do with the data?

•
What problems does the system solve?

•
What differences does the system make?

Office Automation Systems

•
Data work: use, manipulate, or disseminate
information

•
Knowledge work: create new information
using judgment & creativity

–
Discipline/Principle/Profession/Certification

•
Office work: coordinate & integrate
workers from different functional areas

An office automation system is any application of
information technology that increases the
productivity of office workers



document management



word processing



desktop publishing



electronic communications



electronic scheduling



data management



project management

Figure 16.2 Four Functions of Management

Figure 16.4 Manager’s Time

3 roles of a manager

1.
Interpersonal

–
figurehead, leader, liaison

2.
Informational

–
monitor, spokesperson, disseminator

3.
Decisional

–
entrepreneur, mediator, resource allocator,
negotiator

Management Support Systems

•
MIS: summarize & report on the basic
operations of a company

•
DSS: provide data & models interactively to
support semi
-
structured problem solving

•
EIS: provide data from both internal &
external sources to support unstructured
problem solving

Figure 16.5 An MIS

Figure 16.7 An DSS

Figure 16.9 An ESS

Artificial Intelligence: the study of how to make
computers to do things that require some level of
intelligence:

•
Learn/understand from experience

•
Acquire & retain knowledge

•
Respond quickly & successfully to new situations

•
Solve problems

Expert Systems

•
Solve problems that require expertise

•
Use facts and reasoning (rules of thumb)

•
Explain what it knows and its reasoning process


3 components:

•
Knowledge base

•
Inference engine

•
User interface