词汇题 - 小马过河

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小马过河


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十种题型

事实信息题

否定事实信息题

推断题

修辞目的题

词汇题

指代题

句子简化题

句子插入题

文章归纳题

填表总结题

3

1

2

4

5

8

6

7

9

1
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词汇题

•
The word “adjacent” in the passage
is closest in meaning to

A local population that goes extinct is
quickly replaced by immigrants from
an
adjacent

community.

A foreign B stable

C fluid D neighboring

As the snow is deeper and lasts longer in
the valleys,
trees

tend to attain greater
heights on the ridges, even though
they

are
more exposed to high
-
velocity winds and
poor, thin soils there.


A. valleys

C. heights


B. trees

D. ridges

The word
【
they
】
in the passage refers to

指代题

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2013/11/9

According to paragraph 1, what is true of
plants
that
can grow
in serpentine soil
?

○

They absorb micronutrients unusually well.

○

They require far less calcium than most plants do.

○

They are able to absorb nitrogen in its elemental
state.

○

They are typically crops raised for food.





同义转化（一）

○

They require
far less calcium than

most plants do.



Paragraph 1: So
-
called
serpentine soils
, for
example, are deficient in calcium, and only
plants able to
tolerate low levels of this
mineral

can survive
.


原

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定位词

Serpentile soil

3. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true
about
petroleum formation
?

○
Microscopic organisms that live in mud produce crude oil
and natural gas.

○
Large amounts of oxygen are needed for petroleum formation
to begin.

○
Petroleum is produced when organic material in sediments
combines with decaying marine organisms.

○
Petroleum formation appears to begin in marine sediments
where organic matter is present.



2013/11/9


同义转化（二）

○

Petroleum formation appears to begin
in marine sediments where organic
matter is present.




Petroleum, consisting of crude oil and
natural gas, seems to
originate from

organic matter in marine sediment.


原

文

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定位词

petroleum formation

2013/11/9

反面转化（一）

According to paragraph 1, which of the following is
true of the Late Cretaceous climate?

○
Summers were very warm and winters were very cold.

○
Shallow seas on the continents caused frequent
temperature changes.

○
The climate was very similar to today’s climate.

○
The climate did not change dramatically from season
to season.

the Late Cretaceous climate


○
The climate did
not change
dramatically

from season to season.


Data from diverse sources indicate that
the Late Cretaceous climate was
milder than

today’s.



原

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定位词

According to paragraph 1, which of the following is
NOT true of climax communities ?

A. They occur at the end of a succession.

B. They last longer than any other type of community.

C. The numbers of plants in them and the mix of species
do not change.

D. They remain stable for at least 500 years at a time.



2013/11/9

反面转化（二）

climax communities


○
They remain stable for at least 500 years
at a time.




Climax communities themselves
change but over periods of time
greater than about 500 years.


原

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定位词

2013/11/9

总结转化（一）

1.6 According to paragraph 4, which of the following is
true of climax communities?

○
They are more resilient than pioneer communities.

○
They can be considered both the most and the least
stable communities.

○
They are stable because they recover quickly after major
disturbances.

○
They are the most resilient communities because they
change the least over time.

climax communities


○
They can be considered both the most
and the least stable communities.

In that case, the climax community
would be considered the most stable,



In that case, climax communities would
be the most fragile and the least
stable,



原

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定位词

2013/11/9

总结转化（二）

In addition to finding an increase of
suitable browse, like huckleberry
and vine maple, Arthur Einarsen,
longtime game biologist in the
Pacific Northwest, found quality of
browse in the open areas to be
substantially more nutritive.

In addition to finding an
increase

of
suitable browse,

Arthur Einarsen found quality of
browse in the open areas to be
substantially
more nutritive
.

Arthur Einarsen found that deforested
feeding grounds provided deer with
more and better food.

•
Which of the following
strategies for oil
exploration

is described in paragraph 4?

•
○
Drilling under the ocean’s surface

•
○
Limiting drilling to accessible locations

•
○
Using highly sophisticated drilling
equipment

•
○
Constructing technologically advanced
drilling platforms



2013/11/9

练习

strategies for oil exploration


○

Drilling under the ocean’s surface





Offshore drilling platforms extend
the search for oil to the ocean’s
continental shelves.


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