SmartPhone Thesis A Seminar

1

SmartPhone Thesis A Seminar

Ansye Linardi



2275781

Ashwin Srinivasan


2277896

Endry Luis Djaja


2287066

Lydian Wati Sutadji


2287131

Yvonne Lee



2277889

Supervisor: Peter Ho

2

Smartphone Seminar Outline


Smartphone Philosophy


Smartphone Comparisons


Smartphone System Design

–
Microcontroller

•
ARM Core

•
Memory

–
LCD

–
Telephony Interface

–
Connectivity to network and other devices


Current Progress


Schedule



3

Smartphone Philosophy


“is to integrate the telephone system
with the processing power of a
computer system and to be able to
run various applications that
optimise communication within the
home or office.”

4

Smartphone Philosophy (cont)

Features included:


LCD to email and web browsing


Advanced call management (call
waiting, caller id, hands
-
free)


Digital answering machine


Least call cost routing


Connectivity (USB, Infra Red,
Ethernet, Wireless)



5


Existing “smartphone” products

6

MulteLink Smartphone

Product Description:



Electronic telephone with WEB browsing and EMAIL capabilities.


“Least cost call routing” whereby the phone looks up the call cost
data for each of the call provider and adds the appropriate
prefixes to make the cheapest possible international calls.


Features:



56k Rockwell modem


Hands free telephone, caller ID


Backlit graphics LCD display


Slide out keyboard


USB port, and smart card interface.



7

The Smile Phone & Web
-
i
-
Phone

8

Comparisons of Smartphones

Smartphone
Type

Email/ Web
browsing

Normal
Telephone

Connectivity
(modem / LAN)

Color LCD

/ Touch

Screen

External Interfaces

SMILE

Y

Y

Y

Y

•

smartcard reader

•

multimedia card

•

audio earphones

•

parallel interface for printer

WEB
-
i
-
Phone

Y

Y( voip )

Y (modem op)

Y

•

serial port

•

smartmedia

•

infrared

•

smartcard reader

•

digital answer machine

MULTE

LINK

Y

Y

Y (modem only)


LCD only

•

USB port

•

smartcard

•

slideout keyboard


Our
Proposal

Y

Y

Y (wireless)

Y

•

PCMCIA

•

USB

•

Infra red

•

Audio

•

Keyboard (PS2, USB,
infrared)


9

Group’s Vision of the Smartphone
Requirements


We propose to base our design on
the multelink smartphone


to improve its design


allow use of least cost routing


add more “smart” features



The SmartPhone will act as a
communication hub for home and office

10

Project Scope


In this scope of our project we aim to
provide a:





“ Proof of concept”




in building the hardware prototype
and prove that such a SmartPhone is
possible.

11

The Smartphone Design

What

Microcontroller?

LCD/Touch

Screen

Telephony Side

Memory

Keypad

Handset

Keyboard

External

Devices

Power Mgmt

12

Microcontrollers

13

Microcontroller Requirements


Suitable microprocessor


Provides in built support for various
external interfaces


e.g. USB, serial ports


Built
-
in LCD controllers, SDRAM/FLASH
support etc.


Embedded debugging software


Power management


I.e. : SoC (System On Chip)


14

Microprocessor Research





What is ARM ?


ARM (Advanced RISC Machines

) is

the industry's leading provider of 16/32
-
bit
embedded RISC microprocessors



15

Why ARM?


ARM based processor is
faster

than
the current 68K chips.


can run up to 200 MHz

–

enabling robust
application such as wireless technologies to run
on it

16

Why choose ARM’s core?


Low power


Low system cost


Excellent code density


Global multi
-
vendor sourcing


Standardize architecture


High performance


Small CPU die size

17

ARM Core Family Products

There are 5 product families of
ARM processor cores:



ARM7 Thumb Family


ARM9 Thumb Family


ARM9E Family


ARM10E Family


ARM11 Family


SecurCore Family


18

ARM Core Family Products (cont)


The 5 product families can be categorized
into 3 system categories:


1. Embedded Real
-
time systems Cores


2. Open Platforms Cores

3. Secure Applications Cores



19

ARM Core Family Products (contd)

20

ARM Core Family Products (contd)



Our group particularly interested in 2 arm cores
from the selected arm
-
core table



They are ARM920T and ARM922T

21

ARM Core Selection Consideration
Factors


Fast speed


A member of Thumb technology family


Have a cache (Instruction/Data)


Have Memory Management Unit (MMU)


Samples of application that may use this
particular processor.


The availability of the microcontroller products
that contain these processors.


Have embedded JTAG debug capability



22

Considered ARM based Microcontrollers:



Sharp LH7A404



ARM922T Core



Samsung S3C2410X


ARM920T Core



Motorola MC9328MX1


ARM920T Core


>> “DragonBallMX1” <<






23

DragonBall MC9328MX1

Memory Map

24

25

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

26

LCD requirements for Smartphone

1. Viewing purposes/coloured display


Email and web browsing


Applications


Display cheapest call costs and bills


2. Touch Panel Interface


Alternative to a “mouse”


Dial without keypad






27

Overview of LCD Technology

Passive
Matrix (STN)

Active Matrix
(TFT)

Addressing

Multiplex

Direct/Active

Resolution

Low

High

Power
Consumption

Low

High

Cost

Low

High

28

LCD Models Considered:

1.
Sharp TFT LCD touchscreen:


Model: “LQ05703DC02”


320x240


QVGA



cost: US$455.05


2.
Hitachi LCD touchscreen:


Model: “SP10Q003
-
T”


320X240


STN Colour graphic display




cost: AU$261.75


Direct interface from
“DragonBall MX1”


Not Chosen:

Too expensive
and hard to get.





Chosen:

Much cheaper than
Sharp and availability from
many distributors.


Reason:


Need only an inexpensive
LCD as our group intends to
use it for proof of design and
it interfaces with our
microprocessor


29

Telephone and Modem System

30

POTS/Modem Requirements:


Make phone call


Modem / Fax


Caller Id, Call Waiting


Answering machine


Billing detection / Call Duration


Video Conference (Optional)


Downloadable Ring Tone (Optional)


To comply with Australian standards


Fulfil telephone safety requirement



31

Pots (Plain Old Telephone Service)

Basic Design

Micro
Phone

Speaker

Duplex Coil

Hook
Switch

Keypad
and tone
generator

Ringer

Line
Interface

Wall

Tip

Ring

32

Modem, Fax and Caller Id

•
Modem is a peripheral device which
enables transmitting digital data through
telephone line.

Modulation

Demodulation

Telephone
Line

Analog Signal

Digital Signal

Analog Signal

Digital Signal

33

Modem, Fax and Caller Id (cont)

Fax Machine Mechanism

•
Optical Scanning

•
Signal Encoding

•
Modulation

•
Signal Transmission

•
Demodulation

•
Decoding

•
Copy Making

34

Modem, Fax and Caller Id (cont)



Caller Id is the identification of the
originating subscriber line.




Two types of Caller Id

•
Caller Id Type I

•
Caller Id Type II


35

Modem, Fax and Caller Id (cont)


Caller Id mechanism:

•
Caller Id Information received as analog
signal

•
Modem Decodes the analog signal into
standard 8 bit ASCII character

•
Caller Id Information is displayed on the
LCD

36

Telephone Safety Requirement


Telephone regulations require high
voltage barrier between telephone line
side (high voltage)and digital device
side(low voltage)



Three kinds of implementation

•
Transformer

•
Optical Isolation

•
DAA ( Direct Access Arrangement )technology


37

DAA Technology


Philosophy

Use of a high voltage capacitor to isolate low
voltage section from the high voltage section



Basic Design of DAA technology

System
Interface

Microprocessor

Isolation
Barrier

Line
Interface

DAA

Phone
Line

High Voltage

Low Voltage

38

DAA Technology (cont)


Why using DAA ?


–
Isolation barrier used is lighter, smaller,
cheaper and has better densities compare to
transformer


–
Can fulfill wide variety of telephone application
such as FAX, Modem, Caller Id, etc


–
Provides Programmable line interface to meet
global line requirements

39

Pots/Modem Implementation


Two types of Implementation

–
Discrete components

–
Modem Chipset



In this project Modem chipset is used
to implement Pots/Modem section
due to simplicity reason

40

Modem Chipset


Points of consideration

–
Availability

–
Features supported

–
Meet Australia telephone regulations
and standards

–
Price

–
Compatible with microprocessor
Dragon Ball (MX9328MX1)

41

Modem Chipset (cont)


Modem Chipset Considered


–
SmartV.XX Modem chipset (Conexant)

•
CX81801 Modem Chip

•
SmartDAA Integrated DAA chip

•
Voice Codec chip (optional)


–
ISOmodem Chipset (Silicon laboratories)

•
Si24XX Modem Chipset

•
Si3015 Integrated DAA chip



42

Modem Chipset (cont)

Features

SmartV.XX

ISOmodem

Integrated DAA

X

X

Caller Id

X

X

Programmable Firmware

X

X

Fax

X

?

DTMF detection

X

?

Call Waiting detection

X

?

Package

128 pin TQFP

24 pin TQFP

CODEC included

X

X

Availability

?

?

Price

?

?

Meet Australian Telephone Standards

X

X

43

Connectivity and External Devices

44

Connectivity Options


Need to allow connectivity for external I/O
devices such as keyboards, printers,
scanners etc



Also need to allow for network/LAN
connectivity



Trade
-
off between flexibility and
complexity/price

45

External I/O Devices



USB ports
–

almost all types of I/O devices
nowadays connect via the USB port(eg
-
printers, keyboards etc)



Standard serial port
–

Unlikely to be used,
but is there if necessary


46

External I/O Devices (cont)



Infrared interface
–

Convenient for
wireless keyboards and mice



Our design will probably directly support a
PS/2 keyboard interface through the use
of an AVR chip


47

Network Connectivity



Main requirements are flexibility and high
bandwidth (>56kbps)



Standard 10/100BaseT ethernet/LAN
interface



PCMCIA interface for wireless

LAN


48

Network Connectivity (cont)



Fallback option of external
modems/routers/hubs that can be
connected via the ethernet or USB ports



Considered built
-
in ADSL modem but this
doesn’t seem feasible

49

Connectivity Design Challenges



Ideally would like to directly support as
many network and I/O devices/options as
possible



External devices such as cable/ADSL
modems take up physical desk space


50

Connectivity Design Challenges (cont)



Writing/porting device drivers for external
devices is also a problem



However, for cost and complexity reasons,
convenient features like in built ADSL are
not going to be supported


51

Functional Diagram

52

53

Project Progress

54

Original Schedule:

Tasks

wk3

wk4

wk5

wk6

wk7

wk8

wk9

wk10

wk11

wk12

wk13

wk14

wk15+

Requirements


draft



Final

Feasibility Studies









Analysis
-
research

Design





Protel Layout of
PCB



Implementation
and Testing







Operations and
Evaluation





55

Current Status


High
-
level overview of progress
against schedule

–
On
-
track in finding most of the
hardware requirements

–
Behind in deciding POTS design

–
Hence, unable to begin protel design


Unexpected delays
–

POTS/ADSL
decision

56

Plan for Thesis B:


What we expect to accomplish in
Thesis B:


A working hardware prototype


Proof of Design using simple software
routines


A scope for further research after our
work, a legacy to continue building
OS and further enhancements etc.

57

Question Time:



Any Questions?