CIS 310 Management
Information Systems
Infrastructure
Infrastructure
•
What is IT Infrastructure?
•
Value chain, support
primary and secondary activities
–
Support to run things (hardware, networks, help,
training…etc.
–
Speed
them up
–
Add quality
–
Reduce cost
–
Give insight that wasn’t possible
without connections between
functional areas
–
Needs to have flexibility to meet
changing needs of the
market & business
What happens
when you have weak
infrastructure?
•
Inefficient
•
Ineffective
•
Lost Opportunity
•
Unhappy
clients & customers
–
hard to change
the opinion once the trust is lost
•
Costs you money
MIS Infrastructure
•
Hardware
•
Network
•
Cables
•
Client/Server
•
Software
•
Cloud
Wikipedia: Information
technology infrastructure
is the
integrated framework upon
which digital networks operate.
This infrastructure
includes data
centers, computer networks,
Database Management devices
and a regulatory system
.
Sample
Network
Figure from:
http
://www.ntech.co.uk/office.htm
Network Architect /
Information
Architect
•
Network Architect
plans the entire network
infrastructure for the company.
–
Solves
problems like:
•
Throughput
•
Security
•
Information
Architect
–
database, data flows,
EWIS for the company.
–
Solves problems like:
•
How do I expand the database and not have it crash?
•
How do we
add modules to SAP?
Infrastructure Support
•
Infrastructure
Support provides for support of
the company assets if an emergency occurs.
–
Natural Disaster
–
Malicious Attack
•
Support
comes in the form of
–
Backup and recovery
–
Disaster recovery and
–
Business
continuity planning
End of Infrastructure
•
What is infrastructure?
•
Why
is infrastructure important to a business?
Networking
video
Networking
•
Network = connecting computers together so
they can communicate
–
Architecture
-
peer
-
to
-
peer, client/server
–
Topology
-
bus, star, ring, hybrid, wireless
–
Protocols
-
Ethernet, Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
–
Media
-
coaxial, twisted
-
pair, fiber
-
optic
A simple peer
-
to
-
peer
network
Client
/Server
A Server
Rack
Where are my servers?
Where are my servers?
A simple client/server network
Youtube
Staples
–
Easyhelp
http
://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=_hqfNdrw8Bc
Wireless Network
•
Bus
•
Star
•
Ring
•
Hybrid
•
Mesh
Topology
Images from
Escotal.com
Types of Networks
•
Local Area Network (LAN)
•
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
•
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Protocols
•
Ethernet
•
Transmission
Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP)
Medium
•
Coaxial
•
Twisted
-
pair
•
Fiber
-
optic
Media Type
Bandwidth
Performance: Typical
Error Rate
Twisted
-
pair for analog
voice applications
1MHz
Poor to fair (10
–
5
)
Coaxial cable
1GHz
Good (10
–
7
to 10
–
9
)
Fiber
75THz
Great (10
–
11
to 10
–
13
)
End of Networking
•
Optimizing
and Maintaining the Network
Infrastructure
•
“The Cloud”
Agile Infrastructure
Agile Infrastructure
•
Agile = flexible
•
Can my network support a 1000 times growth in
network traffic during a big event?
–
Victoria’s Secret
–
Mars Rover, Curiosity
•
Is it easy to upgrade my network with the latest
security features?
•
How reliable is the data I get from the network?
Network Agility
•
Having an agile network lets a company
–
Quickly and easily react to change
–
Provide 100% network up
-
time
–
Improve network easily as technology improves
–
Support new applications that are needed
–
Increase or decrease the network capabilities as
needed
The
Ilities
•
Characteristics of an agile MIS infrastructure
–
Accessibility
–
Availability
–
Maintainability
–
Portability
–
Reliability
–
Scalability
–
Usability
Ilities
(contd.)
•
Accessibility
–
Allowing different people,
different levels of access. (Admin
–
has
full access)
•
Availability
–
Making the network
available for a defined period of time.
100% up
-
time if it is a critical system.
(Amazon vs. Blackboard vs. FAA)
Ilities
(contd.)
•
Maintainability
–
Easy to maintain. If it is
easy to maintain, you can modify it quickly
to meet business needs.
•
Portability
–
Applications can work on
different devices. (Web pages are platform
independent.)
Ilities
(contd.)
•
Reliability
–
System is functioning
correctly and
giving accurate
information.
•
Scalability
–
System can increase
or decrease it’s capacity
depending upon need.
•
Usability
–
Ease of use of the system.
Low learning curve.
End
•
Accessibility
•
Availability
•
Maintainability
•
Portability
•
Reliability
•
Scalability
•
Usability
Backup and Recovery
Backup and Recovery
•
Backup and recovery
•
Disaster recovery and
•
Business
continuity planning
Backup and Recovery
•
Backup
–
Need a secure copy of all your transactions,
customer data, accounting, HR….etc.
–
Massive amount of data.
–
Store
the backup somewhere safe!
–
Daily, weekly, monthly backups.
•
Recovery
–
Get the system up and running after a bad event.
–
Fault tolerance, Failover, Failback
Disaster Recovery
•
Planning
is Paramount
•
Disaster recovery plan
–
detailed plan about
what to do in the event of a disaster.
•
Drill the plan. Practice so people know what
to do.
•
Know the risks and the costs
of not being able
to recover quickly.
Sample Plan
•
Disasterrecoveryplantemplate.org
•
Outline of what a typical plan might include:
–
Lists of key personnel and how to contact them.
–
Descriptions of all the major applications and
frequency of use.
–
Emergency backup procedures for each system.
–
Contact names for vendors.
–
Procedures for switching to an alternate site.
Alternate Sites for IT Operations
•
Hot site
–
Exact
replica of the companies
computer facilities. Room with
all your
hardware and software pre
-
loaded.
•
Cold site
–
Site with no equipment. A place to
set up your alternate site.
•
Warm site
–
Room with hardware but, you
have to configure it and provide the data.
Business Continuity Plan (BCP)
•
The plan for the
company to restore the
systems and function as an operational
business again.
–
Partial vs. complete recovery
–
Critical Systems
–
Prioritization,
triage
End
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