Biotechnology
Plant and Soil Science
Plant Science Technology
Lesson 1 & 2
What Is Biotechnology?
Any technique that uses living
organisms or substances from those
organisms to make or modify a product,
to improve plants or animals, or to
develop microorganisms for specific
uses
Biotech Terms
Genetics
–
the biology of heredity
Heredity
–
the transmission of characteristics from an
organism to its offspring through genes in
reproductive cells.
Genes
–
components of cells which determine the individual
characteristics of living things
Generation
–
refers to offspring of common parents
Progeny
–
offspring
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
–
coded information in a cell that
determines what that cell and its successive cells
will be become.
Biotech Terms cont.
Clone
–
exact duplicate of something
Genetic engineering
–
movement of genetic
information in the form of genes from
one cell to another.
Mapping / Gene Mapping
–
identifying and recording
the location of a specific gene on a
chromosome.
Gene Splicing / Recombinant DNA Technology
–
process of removing and inserting genes
into DNA.
Gregor Johann Mendel
Historic Biotech Applications
Yeast
–
make bread rise
Bacteria
–
ferment sauerkraut
produce cheese(s)
other dairy products
Microorganisms
–
transform fruit and
grains into
alcoholic beverages
Historic Biotech Applications
Silage
green grasses and grains have been stored in air
-
tight
spaces and containers, such as silos, where bacteria convert
sugars and starches in acids.
These acids provide a desirable taste and protect the feed
from spoilage by other microorganisms
Pairs of Strands
Double Helix
Create Duplicate Strands
Plant Genetic Engineering
Human Insulin Production
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