April 11, 2012
Integrity
-
Initiative
-
Accountability
-
Respect
Proven Smart Grid
Communication Network
Solutions For Advanced Meter
Systems and the Intelligent
Grid
Theo Woodard
Agenda
CenterPoint Energy Smart Grid Communication
Network
Overview
Technology Decision
Solution Architecture
Deployment and Operation Lessons Learned
Deployment Considerations
Keys to Success
Question and Answer
2
CenterPoint Energy, Inc.,
Houston •
• Little Rock
• Minneapolis
Electric Transmission & Distribution
Interstate Gas Pipelines
Natural Gas Distribution
Public company traded on the New York
Stock Exchange (CNP)
Headquartered in Houston, TX
Operating 6 business segments in six
states
Electric transmission and distribution
Natural gas distribution
Interstate pipelines and natural gas
gathering
Serving 5.4 million electric & gas customers
$22 billion in assets
$8.5 billion in revenue
8,827 employees
Over 130 years of service to our
communities
3
5,000 square mile service area
Approximately 2.2 million electric
meters
Houston Electric
Delivers 77
Gigawatt
hours yearly for about
115 certified Retail Electric Providers
Transmission and Distribution System
3,742 miles of transmission lines
48,733 miles of distribution lines
232 substations
Houston
Electric Division (CEHE)
Houston
(
4th largest
city in the US)
Houston Metro Area (6th largest in US)
Who is CenterPoint Energy
–
Electric?
4
Smart Grid Project Updates
Deployment Milestones
2.0 Million meters deployed and being read
remotely
5,200 Meter Data Collector (Cell Relay) and 112
Take
-
Out
-
Points deployed
Successful systems deployment and upgrades
Smart Meter Texas Portal functionally provided to
the market place
Developed processes and training to support new
operational requirements
System Performance
2011 End of Year: 97.4% Service Orders
completed electronically and completed
approximately 30 minutes after receipt
99.5% register read rate on accepted and
approved production meters
Achievements
1.9 Million service orders completed electronically
5,200 pole
-
mounted cell relays and 112
WiMax
tower antenna sites installed.
3,391 HAN devices provisioned over AMS
network
200 Intelligent Grid switches installed
Reduced billing estimation rate by 88.92%
Over 2 billion intervals of usage data are
transmitted to the market each week
5
CenterPoint
Energy
Established a Project
Management Office
Risk /
Issue
Technology Arch
&
Security
Metering
Communications
AMS
Systems
Integrated
Services
Financial
Utility
Operations
Committee
Program Management
Office
Executive Steering
Committee
Key Support Areas
Legal
Corporate Communications
Human Resources
Safety
Customer Service
GIS
IT
Retail
Market
Production Support
Planning, Tracking, Reporting
Program
Work
Streams
Risk Oversight Committee
Process Change &
Benefits Realization
Procurement & Logistics
12.5 (4)
-
2
-
0
IG Systems
IG Systems
Development
IG
Infrastructure
Provides project management expertise and governance to the deployment of
Smart Grid systems.
6
Provide wireless coverage to CNP’s entire
5,000
sq. mile electric
service area:
Estimate 95% GE Radio coverage and 5%
GSM coverage (remote rural areas) to the
meters
Install
approximately
6,000
Itron
cell relays /
radios and
130
GE tower access points
Provide redundant two
-
way communications to end
points, i.e.,
meters
Utilize a dual
-
path architecture
scalable
both in size
and technology to meet Smart Grid communication
needs
Provide required data throughput capacity
Perform reliably, i.e., storm
conditions
Comply with cyber security standards
Insure scalability to meet Smart Grid needs
Purpose:
Architect and build an end
-
to
-
end
Communications
Network to provide
service for Advanced
Metering
System and Intelligent Grid system.
Objectives:
Smart Grid Communication Deployment
7
Technology
Decision Considerations
Spectrum Availability
No licensed spectrum available from FCC
Unlicensed spectrum used heavily in Houston Metro
25 kHz bandwidth licensed spectrum not sufficient for throughput needs
Performance Requirements
Throughput speeds greater than 100 kbps required
99.9 % Reliability
Environmental Requirements
Ambient Temperature range:
-
30 to +60 degrees Celsius
Relative Humidity: 95% non
-
condensing Relative
Technical Requirements
Ethernet Port
Remotely managed
Product Availability
Product had to be currently available
Product had to be previously deployed
8
Evaluation Criteria
Evaluated based on:
Technical capabilities of proposed solution
Scalability of proposed network
Overall, per
-
site and performance cost basis
Longevity and market stability of proposing company
Security compliance and capability
9
Technology
Wireless
Cellular
Hardline
•
Most Geographic Coverage (typically)
•
No additional infrastructure for backhaul
•
Broadband coverage
•
Rapid deployment
•
Engineer accordingly to requirements
•
Build for the future (higher bandwidth)
•
Potential for synergies within field network
•
Rapid deployment (once in place)
•
Proven technology
•
Able to configure/size accordingly
BPL
\
PLC
•
Utilize existing infrastructure
•
The “Broadband” promise
•
Large “theoretical” geographic coverage
Benefits
Most deployments rely on multiple technologies to achieve a full
coverage cost effective solutions
•
High variable
expense cost
for data usage
•
Reliance on cellular infrastructure
•
Rapidly changing environment and
technologies
•
Infrastructure cost
•
Achieving coverage, i.e., geographies,
meter density in certain areas
•
Permitting
•
High fixed
expense cost
•
Difficult to manage individual circuits
•
Reliance on carrier infrastructure
•
Long Installation timeframes
•
Frequency interference
•
High price point
•
Limited success in the field
trials
Challenges
Communication Components Considered
10
AMS Communication Network
Components
Hybrid Backhaul Solution
AMS Backhaul (Radio/Wireless) PRIMARY Communication Path
This portion of the communication network connects the “take
-
out” points to/from the cell relay
devices in the field
Bandwidth
–
128 Kbps (minimum requirement)
Utilizes a new “purpose
-
built”
WiMAX
infrastructure (GE MDS Mercury 3650 Radio System)
Operates in the lower 3.65 GHz Band
WiMax
802.16d Standard
Redundant configuration
Ethernet Interface, 10/100BaseT,
RJ
-
45
Point
to Multi
-
Point
Design, Access
Point to Remotes
3 Sectors per
Tower
AMS Backhaul (Cellular) SECONDARY Communications Path
This portion of the communication network connects the
cell relays to the data center via the
AT&T cellular network
Bandwidth is adequate
Meter Communications
Smart meters operate in a Mesh Network
The Cell Relay is the Master Meter of the Mesh Network
11
Switch
/
Router
MPLS
Switch
Cell Relay with
Bridged Interfaces
Electric Meter with
RFLAN and
Zigbee
Network Fire Wall
HAN
–
Zigbee devices
WiMAX
&
Network L3
Switch
ONS Switch
CenterPoint Energy Dual
-
Path Communication
Specified Design Example
AMS Communications Network Specified / Logical
Diagram
Dallas Fire Wall
IT AMS
Switches
DCE
Collection
MDM
Processing
Data
Base
IT AMS
Firewalls
Cellular Data
Network
(GSM/GPRS)
IPSec
Tunnel
Atlanta Fire Wall
Internet
Cellular
Backbone
Access Point Radios
Pole Mount
Cell Relay
ONS Switch
ONS
Switches
SONET
Remote Radio
WiMAX
Network
MPLS
Switches
IP
Take Out Point
CR, WiMAX & GPRS Network
Transport Network
and Cellular backhaul
IT Network and
AMS Applications
HAN
Devices
Electric Meters
RFLAN
Network
Field Demarcation
Network Demarcation
HAN
Network
Level
-
1
Meter
Level
-
X
Meter
AMS Integrated
Systems
AMS Retail Markets
AMS Systems
AMS Metering
Switch
/
Router
MPLS
Switch
Take Out Point
PTP Microwave
IP
MPLS L3 Switch
MPLS L3 Switch
PTP Microwave
(
Pole
-
Mount Cell Relay
)
PMCR
C
12
.
22
ETH
CELL
MPLS
Switch
MPLS
Switch
SIM card
(Cell Relay)
Thermostat
(
Zigbee
)
Ethernet port
(
Pole
-
Mount Cell Relay
)
PMCR
C
12
.
22
ETH
CELL
RR
AP X
2
AP X
2
AP X
2
AP X
2
AP X
2
AP X
2
MPLS
Switch
Microwave
MPLS
Switch
Switch
/
Router
Switch
/
Router
(
Pole
-
Mount Cell Relay
)
PMCR
C
12
.
22
ETH
CELL
RR
AP X
2
AP X
2
AP X
2
AP X
2
AP X
2
AP X
2
MPLS
Switch
Microwave
Gas Meter
(
zigbee
)
1
2
12
Meter Mesh Network
House
House
House
House
House
House
House
AMS Details
Radio
Cell Relay
Meters form a mesh network
and
communicate with
Cell Relays (collector) at a designed
ratio of
approximately 400:1
Primary communication:
WiMax tower based Access Points
communicate with
Cell Relays/ meter data collectors
S
econdary Communications (Redundancy): Cell Relays and IG
devices can fail over to secondary network in the event of loss of
WiMax connectivity or
WiMax
maintenance.
Overview of Dual
-
Path
Smart Grid
Communications Network
WiMax
(Primary)
Secondary Network
(Cellular, satellite and
others)
IG with GSM and
WiMAX
WiMAX
Annt
.
GSM/3G/4G
IG with GSM and Satellite
IG Switch /
Recloser
Controller
Recloser
Satellite Terminal
GSM/3G/4G
IG
Details
Depends
on location and criticality, IG device may
have different secondary communication solution.
13
CenterPoint Energy Dual
-
Path Communication
Architecture for Intelligent Grid
–
Specified Design Example
IT
SG
Router/SW
IT
Firewalls
ONS Switch
ONS
Switch
SONET
MPLS
Switches
Substation IG
Comm.
Transport Network
and Redundant Networks
ECDC
Energy Control
Field
Network Demarcation
Network Demarcation
Distribution IG
Comm.
CIS, CIM, MKT. SAP
systems
Advanced Distribution
Management System
IPSec
Tunn
el
Switch
/
Router
Switch
/
Router
MPLS
Switch
MPLS
Switch
PTP Microwave
MPLS L3 Switch
PTP Microwave
Lease
d and
2/4
wires
IG with GSM and
WiMAX
Satellite
Service
NOC
Site to Site
VPN
Satellite
Provider
Network
Substation with
Mux
/modem/Microwa
ve
/Fiber & Emergency
Satellite Comm.
WiMAX
GSM/3G/4G
Providers Network
Sub
Comm
.
Sub
Control
Sub
switch
Microwave Tower and Hut
IG with GSM and
Satellite
IG Switch /
Recloser
Controller
WiMAX
Annt
.
GSM/3G/4G
Recloser
/IG
Satellite Terminal
GSM/3G/4G
Front End
Comm
Processor
Operations
EMS
VPN
Gwy
.
Firewall
VPN
Gwy
.
Fire
Wall
Distrib
Servs
.
EMS
Term
.
Distrib
.
Term.
Dispatchers
1
2
2
IG
Communications Network Specified / Logical
Diagram
14
Agenda
CenterPoint Energy Smart Grid Communication
Network
Overview
Technology Decision
Solution Architecture
Deployment and Operation Lessons Learned
Deployment Considerations
Keys to Success
Question and Answer
15
Deployment Considerations…..
The communications network deployment must be closely
coordinated with the meter deployment
.
Cell Relay Site Selection
Take Out Point Site Selection
“Network communications in place 3
months ahead of meter deployment”
Design ratio of 400:1 Meter to Cell Relay/ collector
Meter Deployment Map
16
Deployment Considerations…..
Be prepared to utilize creative design and installation
solutions to meet aggressive timelines.
Cell relay site selection process
In the absence of a permanent TOP
A temporary TOP was paced
on top of a 150’ “Condor”
crane at the
Dunlavy
substation to test signal
strength at proposed cell relay
sites near Memorial Park.
17
Deployment Considerations…..
Complete the design up front, integrate components into an
overall architecture, analyze/test all materials, complete
construction standards, and prove installation procedures via
testing/training
18
18
Proto
-
type:
Test fit, constructability,
parts list.
Final Construction Standard:
DSM approved. Install procedure
developed.
Installed Cell Relay Site
1
2
3
18
Deployment Considerations…..
Manage materials and multiple service suppliers closely and
establish strong field coordination along with detailed
construction and performance acceptance / testing processes.
Major equipment and long
lead items such as cell relays,
radios, network electronics,
towers and buildings need to
be specified, bid and ordered.
19
Deployment Considerations…..
Analyze, select, implement network management tools early as
they are used for both construction and operations.
20
Deployment Considerations
…..
Communication solutions developed ahead of time to address
the network coverage needs for remote and low meter density
areas.
The last 1% of meter coverage
requirement
Tools on the bag
–
communication
solutions
RFLAN range
e
xtenders
-
meter collector mesh network
extensions
900MHz systems
–
provide
extended coverage areas
WiMax
Repeaters
–
provide
additional
WiMax
coverage
Solution and combination of
solutions are selected for
application based on network
availability, environmental and
meter density
WiMax
RFLAN
RFLAN
Mesh
RFLAN Range Extenders
Example
21
Deployment Considerations…..
Leverage a common communications infrastructure. The IG
Network is built on the AMS Communications Infrastructure.
AMS
IG
Fiber backhaul
Microwave backhaul
WiMAX
(Primary)
GSM (back
-
up)
Satellite
(back
-
up)
22
Deployment Considerations…..
Consolidate equipment in field. Communications equipment is
integrated with distribution electronics into a common
enclosure.
Communications
Equipment
23
Some Keys to our success thus far…
1.
Apply a proven network architecture method
to ensure coverage of network design issues.
2.
Develop solid
business
and technical requirements
and ensure agreements with all
stakeholders.
3.
Strong Governance processes.
A strong PMO utilizing proven governance methodology is
essential to overall success.
4.
Integration and close alignment of all project areas and support functions.
Procurement,
IT, distribution standards, systems development, communications infrastructure, meter
deployment, suppliers, etc., must all work together in a coordinated fashion and not in silos.
5.
Material contracts.
Managing material contracts closely and maintaining sufficient material
inventories is critical.
6.
Design & Installation Standards & Procedures.
Efficient, safe and cost efficient designs and
installation standards need to be in place to meet schedules, minimize costs and provide for on
-
going required maintenance.
7.
Solid Deployment Strategy.
The meter deployment strategy and schedule must be in synch
with the communications infrastructure build schedule to meet aggressive timelines and
performance expectations.
8.
Exception Management.
Even small percentages of exceptions
–
like access or design issues
can be disruptive if not handled expeditiously.
9.
Operational Strategy.
Soon after deployment begins and the first device goes into production,
a plan must be in place to operate and maintain the equipment and systems.
24
Agenda
CenterPoint Energy Smart Grid Communication
Network
Overview
Technology Decision
Solution Architecture
Deployment and Operation Lessons Learned
Deployment Considerations
Keys to Success
Question and Answer
25
Per the DOE Grant Agreement,:
“If you publish or otherwise make publicly available the results of the work
conducted under the award, an acknowledgment of Federal Support and a
disclaimer must appear in the publication of any material, whether
copyrighted or not, based on or developed under this project, as follows:”
Acknowledgment: “This material is based upon work supported by the
Department of Energy under Award Number [DE
-
OE0000210]”
Disclaimer: “This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by
an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States
Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any
warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility
for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus,
product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe
privately owned rights. Referenced herein to any specific commercial
product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or
otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement,
recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any
agency thereof. The views and opinion of authors expressed herein do not
necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any
agency thereof.”
DOE Acknowledgement and Disclaimer Requirement
26
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