They’re green.
They can’t move.
Why are plants green?
CHLOROPHYLL
Pigment used for photosynthesis
TWO main systems:
Shoot system
Stem, leaf, flower
Root system
Roots
Unlike animals, which are made up of many
systems
Plants can make their own food (no need for
digestive or musculoskeletal system to obtain
food)
But they still need to:
Exchange gases
Move water and nutrients within their bodies
Reproduce
Appr
. 75% of modern medicines come from
plants!
Examples:
Aspirin (Birch bark)
A tree sap that speeds healing
A compound that treats malaria
Right now many plants species are disappearing
before they can be studied.
Absorb water and minerals, store food,
anchor plant
What are some root vegetables? (The ones
where we eat the root, and not the shoots.)
2 main functions:
Conduct photosynthesis
Where?
How? Which organelle is involved?
Which leaves do we eat?
Produce flowers
What are flowers for?
Pollen = plant sperm
Ovary = contains eggs
After pollination (fertilization of eggs by pollen),
seeds are formed. Sometimes surrounded by
fruit. What might a fruit be for?
Occurs with the help of wind or animals.
Ex. insects, bats, birds
Trunks of trees
Contains vascular tissue connecting leaves
flowers, fruits to roots
Sugar cane, wood/paper, cork, linen (i.e.
COTTON)
3 main types:
Dermal tissue system
Outer surfaces of plant parts
Vascular tissue system
Tissues that transport water and nutrients
Ground tissue system
All other structures
Epidermal tissue
–
layer of cells covering all non
-
woody surfaces
of plant
Periderm
tissue
–
tissues that produce bark
Xylem:
Transports water and minerals UP from roots to
stem and leaves
Mature cells not alive
Phloem:
Transports nutrients, sugars, hormones, and
water throughout the plant; UP and DOWN
Mature cells alive
Meristematic
cells
Undifferentiated plant cells that can form any
kind of specialized tissue
Located at tips of roots and shoots (areas of rapid
growth)
Xylem rings show each
year’s growth
Outer lateral
meristem
(cork cambium)
Inner lateral
meristem
(vascular
meristem
=
makes new phloem)
There are lots of fields that study plants.
Example
Ethnobotany
–
the study of how indigenous (native)
plants are used by different cultures
Economic botany
-
plants with commercial
importance. Economic botany includes the study of
harmful and beneficial plants and plant products.
Biotechnology
–
genetic engineering of plants
Natural resource management
–
responsible use of
and protection of natural resources
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