Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Lecture 00 of 42
Friday, 18 January 2008
William H. Hsu
Department of Computing and Information Sciences, KSU
KSOL course pages:
http://snipurl.com/1y5gc
/
http://snipurl.com/1ybv6
Course web site:
http://www.kddresearch.org/Courses/Spring
-
2008/CIS736
Instructor home page:
http://www.cis.ksu.edu/~bhsu
Reading for Next Class:
Syllabus and Course Intro
Chapter 1, Eberly (2006)
3D
Game Engine Design, 2
e
(Introduction to) Computer Graphics
Course Organization and Survey
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Lecture Outline
Course Information: Format, Exams, Resources, Assignments, Grading
Overview
Topics covered
What is computer graphics?
Applications
Brief Tour of Computer Graphics
A case study and some demos
Survey of rendering and animation systems
Applications to computer
-
aided design (CAD), manufacturing (CAM), and
engineering (CAE)
Brief Tour of Visualization Systems
Information, data, and scientific visualization
Focus on informational graphics
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Course Administration
Course Pages (KSOL):
http://snipurl.com/1y5gc
/
http://snipurl.com/1y5ih
Class Web Page:
www.kddresearch.org/Courses/Spring
-
2008/CIS736
Instructional E
-
Mail Addresses
–
Best Way to Reach Instructor
CIS736TA
-
L@listserv.ksu.edu
(
always
use this to reach instructor
and
TA)
CIS736
-
L@listserv.ksu.edu
(everyone; substitute 636 for 736 for Intro to CG)
Instructor: William Hsu, Nichols 213
Office phone: +1 785 532 7905; home phone: +1 785 539 7180
IM:
AIM
/MSN/
YIM
hsuwh
/
rizanabsith
, ICQ
28651394
/
191317559
, Google
banazir
Office hours: after class Mon/Wed/Fri; other times by appointment
Graduate Teaching Assistant: Jing Xia
Office location: Nichols 213a
Office hours: to be announced on class web board
Grading Policy
Hour exams: 10% each (in
-
class, with notes); final (open
-
book): 25%
Machine problems, problem sets (6 of 8): 18%; term project: 20%
Paper reviews (2): 4%; class participation: 6% (HW, Q&A); labs 7%
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Class Resources
Course
C
ontent
M
anagement
S
ystem (CMS)
http://www.kddresearch.org/Courses/Spring
-
2008/CIS736
Lecture notes (MS PowerPoint 97
-
2003, PDF)
Homeworks (MS PowerPoint 97
-
2003, PDF)
Exam and homework solutions (MS PowerPoint 97
-
2003, PDF)
Class announcements (students’ responsibility) and grade postings
Course Notes at Copy Center (Required)
Mailing List (Automatic):
CIS736
-
L@listserv.ksu.edu
Homework/exams (before uploading to CMS, KSOL), sample data, solutions
Class participation
Project info, course calendar reminders
Dated research announcements (seminars, conferences, calls for papers)
LISTSERV Web Archive
http://listserv.ksu.edu/archives/cis736
-
l.html
Stores e
-
mails to class mailing list as browsable/searchable posts
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Course Overview
Graphics Systems and Techniques
Main emphasis: shaders, lighting, mappings (textures, etc.) in OpenGL
Photorealistic rendering and animation (
Maya 2008, Blender
;
Ogre
)
2
-
D, 3
-
D models: curves, surfaces, visible surface identification, illumination
Special topics: global illumination (ray tracing, radiosity), particle systems,
fractals, scientific visualization (sciviz) and information visualization (infoviz)
Operations
Surface modeling, mapping
Pipelines for display, transformation, illumination, animation
Computer Graphics (CG): Duality with Computer Vision
Visualization and User Interfaces
Applications
CAD/CAM/CAE
: object transformations, surface/solid modeling, animation
Entertainment
: 3
-
D games, photorealistic animation, etc.
Analysis
: info visualization, decision support, intelligent displays
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Why Computer Graphics?
Developing Computational Capability
Rendering
: synthesizing realistic
-
looking, useful, or interesting images
Animation
: creating visual impression of motion
Image processing
: analyzing, transforming, displaying images efficiently
Better Understanding of Data, Objects, Processes through Visualization
Visual summarization, description, manipulation
Virtual environments (VR), visual monitoring, interactivity
Human
-
computer intelligent interaction (HCII): training, tutoring, analysis,
control systems
Time is Right
Recent progress in algorithms and theory
Rapidly emergence of new I/O (display and data acquisition) technologies
Available computational power, improving price
-
performance
-
ratio of hardware
Growth and interest of graphics industries (e.g., games, entertainment,
computer
-
aided design, visualization in science and business)
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Image Synthesis Pipeline
Graphics
Database
Editing
Graphics
Database
Modeling
Transformation
Viewing
Operation
Display
Traversal
Front
-
End
(Geometry Processing)
•
Visible
-
Surface
Determination
•
Scan Conversion
•
Shading /
Illumination
Image
Back
-
End
(Rasterization)
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Hypermedia
User Interfaces
Hypermedia
Database format (similar to
hypertext
)
Provides display
-
based access to (internetworked)
multimedia
(text, image,
audio, video,
etc
.) documents
Virtual Environments
Immersion
: interactive training, tutoring systems
Entertainment hypermedia
Visualization
and
C
omputer
-
A
ided
D
esign and
E
ngineering (
CAD
/
CAE
)
Visualization: scientific, data/information, statistics
User interfaces for CAD/CAE/CAM/CASE
NCSA
Data to Knowledge
(
D2K
) &
Text to Knowledge
(
T2K
):
http://alg.ncsa.uiuc.edu/do/tools/d2k
Visual programming systems for
high
-
performance knowledge
discovery in databases (KDD)
© 2004 National Center for Supercomputing Applications
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Analytic Geometry
Art and Graphic Design
Cognitive Science
Computer Engineering
Engineering Design
Education
Film
Human Factors
Linear Algebra
Numerical Analysis
Relevant Topic Areas
Computer
Graphics
(CG)
Parametric Equations
Conics
Polygon Rendering
Layout
CG Design
Visualization
Rendering Hardware
VR Systems
Portable/Embedded CG
Color/Optical Models
CG/Vision Duality
Interface Design
CAD
CAE / CASE
CAM
Immersive Training
Tutoring Interfaces
Animation
Large
-
Scale CG
User Modeling
Ergonomic Interfaces, I/O
Transformations
Change of Coordinate Systems
Surface Modeling
Physically
-
Based Modeling
Stat/Info Visualization
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Curve and Surface Modeling
in Computer
-
Aided Design (CAD)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Lakes/2057/nurbs.html
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Computer
-
Generated Animation
(CGA)
Wall
-
E
© 2008 Disney/Pixar
Kung
-
Fu Panda
© 2008 DreamWorks
Animation SKG
Meet the Robinsons
© 2007 Disney/Pixar
Shrek
(2001)
Shrek 2
(2004)
Shrek the Third
(2007)
© DreamWorks Animation SKG
Toy Story
(1995)
Toy Story 2
(1999)
Toy Story 3
(2010)
© Disney/Pixar
Happy Feet
© 2006
Warner Brothers
Ratattouille
© 2007 Disney/Pixar
Luxo Jr.
© 1986 Pixar Animation Studios
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Fractal Systems
http://sprott.physics.wisc.edu/fractals.htm
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Information Visualization
Visible Decisions
SeeIT
© 1999 VDI
http://www.advizorsolutions.com
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Design Choices and Issues
in Computer Graphics
Completed Design
Determine
Display Objective
Visualize Physical
Objects
Monitor
Process
Interactively
Analyze
Data / Documents
Determine Objectives of
Graphics System
Entertainment
Decision
Support
Education
Control
Interface
Determine and Implement
Rendering Pipeline
Shaded
-
Polygon
Rendering
Ray Tracing
Radiosity and
Polygon Shading
Determine Representations
In Graphics Database
Solid Geometric
Model
Wireframe /
Polygon Mesh
NURBS
Fractal
System
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Math Review for CIS 636
Overview: First Month (Weeks 2
-
5 of Course)
Review of mathematical foundations of CG: analytic geometry, linear algebra
Line and polygon rendering
Matrix transformations
Graphical interfaces
Line and Polygon Rendering (Week 3)
Basic line drawing and 2
-
D clipping
Bresenham’s algorithm
Follow
-
up: 3
-
D clipping,
z
-
buffering
(
painter’s algorithm
)
Matrix Transformations (Week 4)
Application of linear transformations to rendering
Basic operations: translation, rotation, scaling, shearing
Follow
-
up: review of standard graphics libraries (e.g.,
OpenGL
)
Graphical Interfaces
Brief overview
Survey of windowing environments (MFC, Java AWT)
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Online Recorded Lectures for CIS
636
Introduction to Computer Graphics
Project Topics for CIS 636
Computer Graphics Basics (8)
1. Mathematical Foundations
–
week of Mon 21 Jan 2008
2. Rasterizing and 2
-
D Clipping
–
week of Mon 28 Jan 2008
3. OpenGL Primer 1 of 3
–
week of Mon 28 Jan 2008
4. Detailed Introduction to 3
-
D Viewing
–
week of Mon 04 Feb 2008
5. OpenGL Primer 2 of 3
–
week of Mon 11 Feb 2008
6. Polygon Rendering
–
week of Mon 18 Feb 2008
7. OpenGL Primer 3 of 3
–
week of Mon 03 Mar 2008
8. Visible Surface Determination
–
week of Mon 10 Mar 2008
Recommended Background Reading for CIS 636
Shared Lectures with CIS 736 (
Computer Graphics
)
Regular in
-
class lectures (35) and labs (7)
Guidelines for paper reviews
–
week of Mon 25 Feb 2008
Preparing term project presentations and demos for graphics
–
April
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Online Recorded Lectures for CIS
736
Computer Graphics
Project Topics for CIS 736
Advanced Topics in Computer Graphics (8)
1. Filters for Texturing
–
week of Mon 28 Jan 2008
2. More Mappings
–
week of Mon 18 Feb 2008
3. Advanced Lighting Models
–
week of Mon 17 Mar 2008
4. Advanced Ray
-
Tracing
–
week of Mon 25 Feb 2008
5. Advanced Ray
-
Tracing, concluded
–
week of Mon 24 Mar 2008
6. Global Illumination: Photon Maps (Radiosity)
–
week of Mon 31 Mar 2008
7. More on Scientific, Data, Info Visualization
–
week of Mon 21 Apr 2008
8. Terrain
–
week of Mon 11 Feb 2008
Recommended Background Reading for CIS 736
Shared Lectures with CIS 636 (
Computer Graphics
)
Regular in
-
class lectures (35) and labs (7)
Guidelines for paper reviews
–
week of Mon 25 Feb 2008
Preparing term project presentations and demos for graphics
–
April
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Background Expected
Both Courses
Proficiency in C/C++ or
strong
proficiency in Java and ability to learn
Strongly recommended: matrix theory or linear algebra (e.g., Math 551)
At least 120 hours for semester (up to 150 depending on term project)
Textbook:
3D Game Engine Design
,
Second Edition
(2006), Eberly
Angel’s
OpenGL: A Primer
recommended
CIS 636
Introduction to Computer Graphics
Fresh background in precalculus: Algebra 1
-
2, Analytic Geometry
Linear algebra basics: matrices, linear bases, vector spaces
Watch background lectures
CIS 736
Computer Graphics
Recommended: first course in graphics (background lectures as needed)
OpenGL experience helps
Read up on shaders and shading languages
Watch advanced topics lectures; see list
before
choosing project topic
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Textbook and Recommended Books
Required Textbook
Eberly, D. H. (2006).
3D Game Engine
Design: A Practical Approach to Real
-
Time
Computer Graphics
,
second edition.
San
Francisco, CA: Morgan Kauffman.
Recommended References
Angel, E. O. (2007).
OpenGL: A Primer,
third edition
. Reading, MA: Addison
-
Wesley. [2
nd
edition on reserve]
Shreiner, D., Woo, M., Neider, J., & Davis, T.
(2007).
OpenGL® Programming Guide: The
Official Guide to Learning OpenGL®,
Version 2.1, sixth edition
.
[“The Red Book”:
use 5
th
ed. or later]
2
nd
edition (OK to use)
3
rd
edition
1
st
edition (outdated)
2
nd
edition
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
References and Outside Reading
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Syllabus [1]:
First Half of Course
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Syllabus [2]:
Second Half of Course
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Summary
This course is a lot of work
Reading: Eberly
2
e
–
big book, like Foley
et al.
Programming assignments (3): expect to spend 10+ hours on each
Written assignments (3): about 6
-
10 hours
Term project: at least 20 hours (people have spent up to 50 or more)
… but it can also be fun
Visible results
Nifty algorithms, high
-
performance hardware
“Putting it all together”: very interdisciplinary field
Decent job market for people with right development skills, ideas
Applicable to many other areas of CS and IT
Emphasis
“Polygons to pixels pipeline”: viewing, VSD, lighting, shading, texturing
Other topics to be covered: animation, curves and surfaces, collisions
Brief survey of: ray tracing, visualization and color, fractals
Computing & Information Sciences
Kansas State University
Friday, 18 Jan 2008
CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics
Terminology
Computer Graphics
: Digital Synthesis, Manipulation of Visual Content
Graphics Problems (see “Computer Graphics”, Wikipedia)
Geometry
: representation and processing of surfaces
Animation
: representation and manipulation of motion
Rendering
: computationally reproducing appearance of light in scenes
Imaging
: image acquisition, editing, processing
Different Approaches to Graphics
Raster
versus
vector
Sample
-
based
versus
geometry
-
based
Purpose of Graphics
Entertainment
–
games, visual effects in movies and television
Communications
–
advertising, journalism
Modeling / simulation
–
displaying events via
g
raphical
u
ser
i
nterfaces
(GUIs)
Visualization
–
displaying events for analysis and understanding
Dual Problem
: Inverse Input and Output
Graphics (rendering): geometry to sample (image)
Vision
: sample to geometry
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