(Introduction to) Computer Graphics Course Organization and Survey

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Lecture 00 of 42

Friday, 18 January 2008


William H. Hsu

Department of Computing and Information Sciences, KSU


KSOL course pages:
http://snipurl.com/1y5gc

/
http://snipurl.com/1ybv6

Course web site:
http://www.kddresearch.org/Courses/Spring
-
2008/CIS736

Instructor home page:
http://www.cis.ksu.edu/~bhsu


Reading for Next Class:

Syllabus and Course Intro

Chapter 1, Eberly (2006)
3D

Game Engine Design, 2
e

(Introduction to) Computer Graphics

Course Organization and Survey

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Lecture Outline


Course Information: Format, Exams, Resources, Assignments, Grading


Overview


Topics covered


What is computer graphics?


Applications


Brief Tour of Computer Graphics


A case study and some demos


Survey of rendering and animation systems


Applications to computer
-
aided design (CAD), manufacturing (CAM), and
engineering (CAE)


Brief Tour of Visualization Systems


Information, data, and scientific visualization


Focus on informational graphics

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Course Administration


Course Pages (KSOL):
http://snipurl.com/1y5gc

/
http://snipurl.com/1y5ih


Class Web Page:
www.kddresearch.org/Courses/Spring
-
2008/CIS736


Instructional E
-
Mail Addresses
–

Best Way to Reach Instructor


CIS736TA
-
L@listserv.ksu.edu

(
always

use this to reach instructor
and

TA)


CIS736
-
L@listserv.ksu.edu

(everyone; substitute 636 for 736 for Intro to CG)


Instructor: William Hsu, Nichols 213


Office phone: +1 785 532 7905; home phone: +1 785 539 7180


IM:
AIM
/MSN/
YIM

hsuwh
/
rizanabsith
, ICQ
28651394
/
191317559
, Google
banazir


Office hours: after class Mon/Wed/Fri; other times by appointment


Graduate Teaching Assistant: Jing Xia


Office location: Nichols 213a


Office hours: to be announced on class web board


Grading Policy


Hour exams: 10% each (in
-
class, with notes); final (open
-
book): 25%


Machine problems, problem sets (6 of 8): 18%; term project: 20%


Paper reviews (2): 4%; class participation: 6% (HW, Q&A); labs 7%

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Class Resources


Course
C
ontent
M
anagement
S
ystem (CMS)


http://www.kddresearch.org/Courses/Spring
-
2008/CIS736


Lecture notes (MS PowerPoint 97
-
2003, PDF)


Homeworks (MS PowerPoint 97
-
2003, PDF)


Exam and homework solutions (MS PowerPoint 97
-
2003, PDF)


Class announcements (students’ responsibility) and grade postings


Course Notes at Copy Center (Required)


Mailing List (Automatic):
CIS736
-
L@listserv.ksu.edu



Homework/exams (before uploading to CMS, KSOL), sample data, solutions


Class participation


Project info, course calendar reminders


Dated research announcements (seminars, conferences, calls for papers)


LISTSERV Web Archive


http://listserv.ksu.edu/archives/cis736
-
l.html



Stores e
-
mails to class mailing list as browsable/searchable posts

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Course Overview


Graphics Systems and Techniques


Main emphasis: shaders, lighting, mappings (textures, etc.) in OpenGL


Photorealistic rendering and animation (
Maya 2008, Blender
;
Ogre
)


2
-
D, 3
-
D models: curves, surfaces, visible surface identification, illumination


Special topics: global illumination (ray tracing, radiosity), particle systems,
fractals, scientific visualization (sciviz) and information visualization (infoviz)


Operations


Surface modeling, mapping


Pipelines for display, transformation, illumination, animation


Computer Graphics (CG): Duality with Computer Vision


Visualization and User Interfaces


Applications


CAD/CAM/CAE
: object transformations, surface/solid modeling, animation


Entertainment
: 3
-
D games, photorealistic animation, etc.


Analysis
: info visualization, decision support, intelligent displays

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Why Computer Graphics?


Developing Computational Capability


Rendering
: synthesizing realistic
-
looking, useful, or interesting images


Animation
: creating visual impression of motion


Image processing
: analyzing, transforming, displaying images efficiently


Better Understanding of Data, Objects, Processes through Visualization


Visual summarization, description, manipulation


Virtual environments (VR), visual monitoring, interactivity


Human
-
computer intelligent interaction (HCII): training, tutoring, analysis,
control systems


Time is Right


Recent progress in algorithms and theory


Rapidly emergence of new I/O (display and data acquisition) technologies


Available computational power, improving price
-
performance
-
ratio of hardware


Growth and interest of graphics industries (e.g., games, entertainment,
computer
-
aided design, visualization in science and business)

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Image Synthesis Pipeline

Graphics

Database

Editing

Graphics

Database

Modeling

Transformation

Viewing

Operation

Display

Traversal

Front
-
End

(Geometry Processing)

•

Visible
-
Surface


Determination

•

Scan Conversion

•

Shading /


Illumination

Image

Back
-
End

(Rasterization)

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Hypermedia

User Interfaces







Hypermedia


Database format (similar to
hypertext
)


Provides display
-
based access to (internetworked)
multimedia

(text, image,
audio, video,
etc
.) documents


Virtual Environments


Immersion
: interactive training, tutoring systems


Entertainment hypermedia


Visualization

and
C
omputer
-
A
ided
D
esign and
E
ngineering (
CAD
/
CAE
)


Visualization: scientific, data/information, statistics


User interfaces for CAD/CAE/CAM/CASE

NCSA
Data to Knowledge
(
D2K
) &
Text to Knowledge
(
T2K
):

http://alg.ncsa.uiuc.edu/do/tools/d2k

Visual programming systems for
high
-
performance knowledge
discovery in databases (KDD)

© 2004 National Center for Supercomputing Applications

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics


Analytic Geometry


Art and Graphic Design


Cognitive Science


Computer Engineering


Engineering Design


Education


Film


Human Factors


Linear Algebra


Numerical Analysis

Relevant Topic Areas

Computer

Graphics

(CG)

Parametric Equations

Conics

Polygon Rendering

Layout

CG Design

Visualization

Rendering Hardware

VR Systems

Portable/Embedded CG

Color/Optical Models

CG/Vision Duality

Interface Design

CAD

CAE / CASE

CAM

Immersive Training

Tutoring Interfaces

Animation

Large
-
Scale CG

User Modeling

Ergonomic Interfaces, I/O

Transformations

Change of Coordinate Systems

Surface Modeling

Physically
-
Based Modeling

Stat/Info Visualization

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Curve and Surface Modeling

in Computer
-
Aided Design (CAD)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Lakes/2057/nurbs.html

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Computer
-
Generated Animation
(CGA)

Wall
-
E

© 2008 Disney/Pixar

Kung
-
Fu Panda

© 2008 DreamWorks

Animation SKG

Meet the Robinsons

© 2007 Disney/Pixar

Shrek
(2001)

Shrek 2
(2004)

Shrek the Third

(2007)

© DreamWorks Animation SKG

Toy Story
(1995)

Toy Story 2
(1999)

Toy Story 3

(2010)

© Disney/Pixar

Happy Feet

© 2006

Warner Brothers

Ratattouille

© 2007 Disney/Pixar

Luxo Jr.

© 1986 Pixar Animation Studios

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Fractal Systems

http://sprott.physics.wisc.edu/fractals.htm

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Information Visualization

Visible Decisions
SeeIT
© 1999 VDI


http://www.advizorsolutions.com

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Design Choices and Issues

in Computer Graphics

Completed Design

Determine

Display Objective

Visualize Physical

Objects

Monitor

Process

Interactively

Analyze

Data / Documents

Determine Objectives of

Graphics System

Entertainment

Decision

Support

Education

Control

Interface

Determine and Implement

Rendering Pipeline

Shaded
-
Polygon

Rendering

Ray Tracing

Radiosity and

Polygon Shading

Determine Representations

In Graphics Database

Solid Geometric

Model

Wireframe /

Polygon Mesh

NURBS

Fractal

System

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Math Review for CIS 636


Overview: First Month (Weeks 2
-
5 of Course)


Review of mathematical foundations of CG: analytic geometry, linear algebra


Line and polygon rendering


Matrix transformations


Graphical interfaces


Line and Polygon Rendering (Week 3)


Basic line drawing and 2
-
D clipping


Bresenham’s algorithm


Follow
-
up: 3
-
D clipping,
z
-
buffering

(
painter’s algorithm
)


Matrix Transformations (Week 4)


Application of linear transformations to rendering


Basic operations: translation, rotation, scaling, shearing


Follow
-
up: review of standard graphics libraries (e.g.,
OpenGL
)


Graphical Interfaces


Brief overview


Survey of windowing environments (MFC, Java AWT)

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Online Recorded Lectures for CIS
636

Introduction to Computer Graphics


Project Topics for CIS 636


Computer Graphics Basics (8)


1. Mathematical Foundations
–

week of Mon 21 Jan 2008


2. Rasterizing and 2
-
D Clipping
–

week of Mon 28 Jan 2008


3. OpenGL Primer 1 of 3
–

week of Mon 28 Jan 2008


4. Detailed Introduction to 3
-
D Viewing
–

week of Mon 04 Feb 2008


5. OpenGL Primer 2 of 3
–

week of Mon 11 Feb 2008


6. Polygon Rendering
–

week of Mon 18 Feb 2008


7. OpenGL Primer 3 of 3
–

week of Mon 03 Mar 2008


8. Visible Surface Determination
–

week of Mon 10 Mar 2008


Recommended Background Reading for CIS 636


Shared Lectures with CIS 736 (
Computer Graphics
)


Regular in
-
class lectures (35) and labs (7)


Guidelines for paper reviews
–

week of Mon 25 Feb 2008


Preparing term project presentations and demos for graphics
–

April

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Online Recorded Lectures for CIS
736

Computer Graphics


Project Topics for CIS 736


Advanced Topics in Computer Graphics (8)


1. Filters for Texturing
–

week of Mon 28 Jan 2008


2. More Mappings
–

week of Mon 18 Feb 2008


3. Advanced Lighting Models
–

week of Mon 17 Mar 2008


4. Advanced Ray
-
Tracing
–

week of Mon 25 Feb 2008


5. Advanced Ray
-
Tracing, concluded
–

week of Mon 24 Mar 2008


6. Global Illumination: Photon Maps (Radiosity)
–

week of Mon 31 Mar 2008


7. More on Scientific, Data, Info Visualization
–

week of Mon 21 Apr 2008


8. Terrain
–

week of Mon 11 Feb 2008


Recommended Background Reading for CIS 736


Shared Lectures with CIS 636 (
Computer Graphics
)


Regular in
-
class lectures (35) and labs (7)


Guidelines for paper reviews
–

week of Mon 25 Feb 2008


Preparing term project presentations and demos for graphics
–

April

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Background Expected


Both Courses


Proficiency in C/C++ or
strong

proficiency in Java and ability to learn


Strongly recommended: matrix theory or linear algebra (e.g., Math 551)


At least 120 hours for semester (up to 150 depending on term project)


Textbook:
3D Game Engine Design
,

Second Edition
(2006), Eberly


Angel’s
OpenGL: A Primer

recommended


CIS 636
Introduction to Computer Graphics


Fresh background in precalculus: Algebra 1
-
2, Analytic Geometry


Linear algebra basics: matrices, linear bases, vector spaces


Watch background lectures


CIS 736
Computer Graphics


Recommended: first course in graphics (background lectures as needed)


OpenGL experience helps


Read up on shaders and shading languages


Watch advanced topics lectures; see list
before

choosing project topic

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Textbook and Recommended Books

Required Textbook


Eberly, D. H. (2006).
3D Game Engine
Design: A Practical Approach to Real
-
Time
Computer Graphics
,

second edition.

San
Francisco, CA: Morgan Kauffman.


Recommended References


Angel, E. O. (2007).
OpenGL: A Primer,
third edition
. Reading, MA: Addison
-
Wesley. [2
nd

edition on reserve]


Shreiner, D., Woo, M., Neider, J., & Davis, T.
(2007).
OpenGL® Programming Guide: The
Official Guide to Learning OpenGL®,
Version 2.1, sixth edition
.

[“The Red Book”:
use 5
th

ed. or later]

2
nd

edition (OK to use)

3
rd

edition

1
st

edition (outdated)

2
nd

edition

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

References and Outside Reading

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Syllabus [1]:

First Half of Course

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Syllabus [2]:

Second Half of Course

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Summary


This course is a lot of work


Reading: Eberly
2
e

–

big book, like Foley
et al.



Programming assignments (3): expect to spend 10+ hours on each


Written assignments (3): about 6
-
10 hours


Term project: at least 20 hours (people have spent up to 50 or more)


… but it can also be fun


Visible results


Nifty algorithms, high
-
performance hardware


“Putting it all together”: very interdisciplinary field


Decent job market for people with right development skills, ideas


Applicable to many other areas of CS and IT


Emphasis


“Polygons to pixels pipeline”: viewing, VSD, lighting, shading, texturing


Other topics to be covered: animation, curves and surfaces, collisions


Brief survey of: ray tracing, visualization and color, fractals

Computing & Information Sciences

Kansas State University

Friday, 18 Jan 2008

CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer
Graphics

Terminology


Computer Graphics
: Digital Synthesis, Manipulation of Visual Content


Graphics Problems (see “Computer Graphics”, Wikipedia)


Geometry
: representation and processing of surfaces


Animation
: representation and manipulation of motion


Rendering
: computationally reproducing appearance of light in scenes


Imaging
: image acquisition, editing, processing


Different Approaches to Graphics


Raster

versus
vector


Sample
-
based

versus
geometry
-
based


Purpose of Graphics


Entertainment
–

games, visual effects in movies and television


Communications
–

advertising, journalism


Modeling / simulation
–

displaying events via
g
raphical
u
ser
i
nterfaces
(GUIs)


Visualization

–

displaying events for analysis and understanding


Dual Problem
: Inverse Input and Output


Graphics (rendering): geometry to sample (image)


Vision
: sample to geometry