Genetic engineering

Notes
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Genetic engineering


Biology


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Detering 030403


Genetic engineering


Review the central “dogma” of genetics




Genetic code






[BDL Fig 11.6, p. 296 and zebra p.173]




Sequence of three bases in DNA specifies a particular amino acid during protein synthesis



Codon
–

the 3
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base sequence for an amino acid





Cloning enables researchers to mass
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produce copies of specific gnes or the products of specific
genes


Clone
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genetically identical cells



Can biotechnically produce genetically engineered insulin. Obtasined gene from animals.



Bacteria that car
ry the insulin gene are clones


Bioprobe

[zebra book p. 195]


1.

The plasmid and the DNA fragment must have complementary sitcky ends. Usint the same
restriction enzyme produces sticky ends.



2.

Sindce not all the fragments of DNA contain the desired gene,

some bacteria take in
fragments that lack the gene the offspring of these bacteria will also lack the gene.


3.

Molecular biologist use a method called replica plating to idetify bacteria with recomb
plasmids. A bacterial colony is transferred to a a serie
s of plates that have neither, one, or
both of the antibiotics. Colonies that grow on the plate with one antibiotic but not the one with
two carry the recombinant plasma.