In
electrical engineering
and
computer science
,
image processing
is any form
of
signal
processing
for which the input is an image, such as a
photograph
or
video frame
; the
output
of
image processing may be either an image or, a set of characteristics or
parameters
related to the
image. Most image
-
processing techniques involve treating the image as a
two
-
dimensional
signal
and applying standard signal
-
processing techniques to it.
Image processing usually refers to
digital image processing
, but
optical
and
analog image
processing
also are possible. This article is about general techniques that apply to all of them.
The
acquisition
of images (producing the input image in the first place) is referred to as
imaging
.
==Typical operations==operation
The red, green, and bl
ue color channels of a photograph by
Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin
-
Gorskii
, the fourth image is a composite
Euclidean geometry transformations
such as
enlargement
, reduction, and
rotation
Color corrections such as
brightness
and
contrast
adjustments,
color mapping
,
color
balancing
,
quantization
, or
color translation
to a different
color space
Digital compositing
or optical
com
positing
(combination of two or more images), which
is used in film
-
making to make a "
matte
"
Interpolation,
demosaicing
, and recovery of a full image from a
raw image format
using a
Bayer fi
lter
pattern
Image registration
, the alignment of two or more images
Image diffe
rencing
and
morphing
Image recognition
, for example, may extract the text from the image using
optical
character recognition
or checkbox and bubble values using
optical mark recognition
Image segmentation
High dynamic range imaging
by combining multiple images
Geometric hashing
for 2
-
D object recognition with affine invariance
Contents
[
hide
]
1 Applications
2 See also
3 Further reading
4 External links
[
edit
] Applications
Further information:
Imaging
Compute
r vision
Optical sorting
Augmented Reality
Face detection
Feature detection
Lane departure warning system
Non
-
photorealistic rendering
Medical image processing
Microscope image processing
Morphological image processing
Remote sensing
[
edit
] See also
Imaging
Photo manipul
ation
List of image analysis software
Near sets
Multidimensional systems
[
edit
] Further reading
Tinku Acharya and Ajoy K. Ray.
Image Process
ing
-
Principles and Applications
. Wiley
InterScience.
http://books.google.co.in/books?id=smBw4
-
xvfrI
C&lpg=PP1&ots=FVFYaOATEF&dq=image%20processing%20ajoy%20ray&pg=
PP1#v=onepage&q=&f=false
.
Wilhelm Burger and Mark J. Burge (2007).
Digital Image Processing: An Algorithmic
Approach Using Java
.
Springer
.
ISBN
1846283795 and ISBN 3540309403
.
http://www.imagingbook.com/
.
R. Fisher, K Dawson
-
H
owe, A. Fitzgibbon, C. Robertson, E. Trucco (2005).
Dictionary
of Computer Vision and Image Processing
. John Wiley.
ISBN
0
-
470
-
01526
-
8
.
Bernd Jähne (2002).
Digital Image Processing
. Springer.
ISBN
3
-
540
-
67754
-
2
.
Tim Morris (2004).
Computer Vision and Image Processing
. Palgrave Macmillan.
ISBN
0
-
333
-
99451
-
5
.
Milan Sonka, Vaclav Hlavac and Roger Boyle (1999).
Image Processing, Analysis, and
Machine Vision
. PWS Publishing.
ISBN
0
-
534
-
95393
-
X
.
[
edit
] External links
Lectures on Image Processing
, by Alan Peters. Vanderbilt University. Updated 28 April
2008.
EURASIP Journal on
Image and Video Processing
—
Open Access journal on Image
Processing
Image processing algorithms, implementations and demonstrations
[
hide
]
v
•
d
•
e
Visualization
of technical information
Fields
Biological data visualization
∙
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∙
Crime mapping
∙
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visualization
∙
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∙
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∙
Geovisualization
∙
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∙
Mathematical visualization
∙
Medical imaging
∙
Molecular graphics
∙
Product visualization
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Scientific
visualization
∙
Software visualization
∙
Technical drawing
∙
Vo
lume
visualization
Image types
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Engineering
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Table
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Experts
Jacques Bertin
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Jock D. Mackinlay
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McCormick
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Charles Joseph Minard
∙
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Clifford A. Pickover
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Arthur H. Robinson
∙
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∙
Adolphe Quetelet
∙
George G. Robertson
∙
Ben Shneiderman
∙
Edward Tufte
Related topics
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∙
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∙
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∙
Information science
∙
Mental visualisation
∙
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∙
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∙
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∙
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∙
Visual perception
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Category:Image processing
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Image processing
Image processing
is the application of
signal processing
techniques to the domain of
images
—
two
-
dimensional
signals
such as
photographs
or
video
. Image processing does typically involve
filtering
an image using various types of filters.
Related category:
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Subcategories
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C
[
+
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Computer vision
(13 C,
92 P)
D
[
+
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Digital photography
(3
C, 110 P)
G
[
+
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Graphics file formats
(4
C, 195 P)
I
[
+
]
Interpolation
(2 C, 48 P)
L
[
+
]
Light
(5 C, 31 P)
M
[
×
]
Mathematical
morphology
(15 P)
M cont.
[
+
]
Medical imaging
(7
C, 202 P)
Pages in category "Image pro
cessing"
The following 190 pages are in this category, out of 260 total. This list may not reflect recent
changes (
learn more
).
Image processing
A
D cont.
Deconvolution
I cont.
Image resolution
AIR (program)
ANIMAL (image
processing)
Abel transform
ActionShot
Acutance
Adaptive Binary
Optimization
Adaptive histogram
equalization
Affine shape adaptation
Aguru Images
Alpha to coverage
Analog image processing
Angle of view
Anisotropic diffusion
Spatial anti
-
aliasing
Anti
-
Grain Geometry
Audio
-
visual speech
recognition
AutoCollage 2008
Avizo (software)
B
BHIE
Bartlane cable picture
transmission system
Bicoherence
Bicubic interpolation
Binary image
Bispectrum
Black balance
Blend modes
Blob detection
Block Truncation Coding
Boundary vector field
Box blur
Bsoft
C
CLAHE
Camera interface
Canny edge detector
Cascade algorithm
Decorrelation
Deep image compositing
Density slicing
Difference of Gaussians
Digital image
Digital image processing
Direct Graphics Access
Distance transform
Docum
ent Layout
Analysis
Drizzle (image
processing)
Dynamic imaging
E
EasyHDR Pro
Edge detection
Edge enhancement
Edge
-
preserving
smoothing
Elongatedness
Endrov
Epitome (image
processing)
Erosion (morphology)
Error diffusion
F
False radiosity
Feature (computer
vision)
Feature detection
(c
omputer vision)
Fermi filter
Fiduciary marker
FIJI (software)
Floyd
–
Steinberg
dithering
Focus recovery based on
the linear canonical
transform
Framebuffer
Free boundary condition
Image scaling
Image stitching
Image warping
ImageJ
Imageapp
Imaging phantom
Inpainting
Integrated Software for
Imagers and
Spectrometers
Interest point detection
Intrinsic dimension
IQinVision
J
JPIP
Jaggies
K
Kadir Brady saliency
detector
Kirsch
-
Operator
User:Kscape/List of expert
system software
L
Layers (digital image
editing)
Lenna
Level set (data structures)
Level
set method
Line pair
List of Fourier
-
related
transforms
List of transforms
Livewire Segmentation
Technique
Lucy
-
Hook coaddition
method
M
MST Viewer
CellProfiler
Cellular image processing
Chain code
Charge
-
coupled device
Chirplet transform
Chromostereopsis
Circular convolution
Clone tool
Co
-
occurrence matrix
CoLocalizer Pro
Color
Color balance
Color image
Color Structure Code
Color vision
Color mapping
Color quantization
Color space
C
omplex wavelet
transform
Computational
photography (artistic)
Human visual system
model
Foveated imaging
Contrast
-
to
-
noise ratio
Convolution
Corner detection
Curve (tonality)
Curvelet
D
DCDi
G
Gaussian Pyramid
Gaussian blur
GemIdent
Generalised Hough
transform
Geo Warping
Glocom
Glob (visual syste
m)
GrabCut
GrowCut algorithm
H
Hankel transform
Harris affine region
detector
HDR Ph
otoStudio
Hessian Affine region
detector
Histogr
am equalization
Histogram matching
Homomorphic filtering
Hosaka plot
Hough transform
Hqx
Huygens Software
I
IAPR
Illumination (image)
Image denoising
Image rectification
Image SXM
Image segment
Image analogy
Image compression
Image differencing
Image edi
ting
Image geometry
correction
Image gradient
Image histogram
Marr
-
Hildreth algorithm
Masking (in art)
Mathematical
morphology
Median filter
Medical imaging
Microdose
Microscope image
processing
Minimum resolvable
contrast
Minimum spanning tree
-
based segmentation
Modulation transfer
function (infrared
imaging)
M
S Technology
Multi
-
scale approaches
Multiple Satellite I
maging
Multiple buffering
Multisample anti
-
aliasing
Multiscale geometric
analysis
N
N
-
jet
Nearest neighbor search
NeatVision
Negacyclic conv
olution
Neighborhood operation
Netpbm
Network Abstraction
Layer
Noise reduction
Normalization (image
processing)
O
Object (image processing)
Object removal
Openlab
Opponent process
Optical motion tracking
Optical granulometry
Ordered dithering
Orun & Natarajan Satellite
Sensor Model
Otsu's method
P
Peak signal
-
to
-
noise ratio
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|
Computer graphics
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