William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Plant Propagation
Techniques
A Lesson Plan for
10
th
/11
th
Grade Biology
Borderlinks Presentation
May 30, 2002
This presentation will probably
involve audience discussion,
which will create action
items. Use PowerPoint to
keep track of these action
items during your
presentation
•
In Slide Show, click on the
right mouse button
•
Select “Meeting Minder”
•
Select the “Action Items” tab
•
Type in action items as they
come up
•
Click OK to dismiss this box
This will automatically create
an Action Item slide at the
end of your presentation with
your points entered.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Introduction
All plants are living organisms.
Man depends on plants for many
purposes:
Basic to all mankind is the need
for food and fiber production.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Introduction, cont.
Most of the world has a diet that is high
in fruits and vegetables.
To a lesser extent, the
protein portion of a typical
diet is supplied by meat.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Intent of Lesson
To discuss methods of
propagating plants for the
purpose of food and/or fiber
production.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Definitions
What is Propagation?
Reproduction and growth in
plants
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Why Propagation?
To Understand, Know the History
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
History of Plant Propagation
In nomadic times, man would
move from place to place. He
harvested plants or hunted
animals that he encountered
along the way.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Quite by accident, someone would drop
some seeds, probably from refuse, in a spot
that provided the requirements for plant
growth.
adequate moisture
fertile soil
temperature
protection from the elements.
Later in the season or year, on a return trip,
someone would notice that plants were
growing, and then harvest the fruits, seeds,
and/or foliage.
An Accident?!?!
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Propagating and cultivating
begins
Man could now provide for himself
without the need for constant
movement.
Less movement meant less danger to
the clan and a steady supply of nutrient
materials.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
In the beginning…
Man became the crudest of farmers.
As time passed, man
had the need to
increase the amount of
materials produced.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Development of Society
As society developed man moved
from the
agricultural age
to the industrial age.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Moving Populous
As mankind moved from the
country
to the
city
, so too did
the need for
greater production
of foodstuffs
.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
The Agricultural Age
Majority of population lived in the country
During the time of the agricultural age, fully
one
-
third of a farms production went to:
supplying the needs of the farmer
his family
farm workers, and
maintenance of the animals that were used to
produce the food.
We have always assumed that production from the
farm was sold, for use off of the farm.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Population moved from the country to the cities.
Population levels increased.
Need for higher production yields increased
dramatically with the increased population.
This was enhanced by a
global economy
.
Food and fiber was exported to countries that were
technologically incapable of producing for
themselves.
Industrial Age
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
In the beginning of the century a typical
American Farmer produced enough
food for himself and 7 other people.
Who is the Typical American
Farmer?
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
At the close of the century the
ratio had increased to 1
farmer for every 500+ people.
In addition to the numbers being fed
increasing;
the number of farmers
decreased
.
1990 census, the number of farmers
was reported as an
insignificant
percentage of the population
(less
than 2%).
Less Than 100 Years Later
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Today , all over the world….
Yet all of the United
States and many
foreign people
depend on the US
farmer as their
source of food and
fibers.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
The producer.
The goal of every producer: increased
production
Who Recognized this?
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Mother Nature and Plant
Production
Generally, man has depended on Mother
Nature to supply the means for plant
production.
However, with an increased population
and a declining number of producers,
Mother Nature needs a helping hand.
The birth of biotechnology!!!
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Plant Production
You place a seed in the ground
nurture it and in a short time…
a plant can produce fruits,
seeds or fibers.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Along the way, man
developed different methods
to help Mother Nature…
Grafting techniques
-
a method of
producing plants that are difficult to
grow from seeds or as the method of
inventing new or better plants.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Grafting is Biotechnology!
Grafting of a tomato plant.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Grafting
In grafting a live plant is cut in such a way to
allow the implanting of live tissue from
another plant. This in essence, creates a
new plant that has desirable effects greater
than either of the donor plants.
An example is the Walnut Tree, a cross
between a Black Walnut and an English
Walnut.
Nectarines are another example.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Biotechnology progresses
With the
discovery of
the DNA
molecule man
has been able
to invent a
new method
of producing
superior
plants.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Genetic Engineering
Genetic engineering is the manipulation of
the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecule to
change the traits that are expressed by the
molecule in an organism.
The manipulation involves the “cutting” of the
molecule and “inserting” another portion of a
DNA.
All of this is possible due to the identification
of parts of the DNA molecule and the traits
that each portion produce.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Cloning
This method is cloning. Cloning
produces, what some would call, “super
plants”.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
What is a “Super Plant?”
Plants that are genetically
identical to its predecessors.
Plants are selected
based on the most
desirable characteristics
such as
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Super plants advantages
Higher yields
Resistance to diseases
Pest resistance
Drought tolerance
Heat tolerance
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Super plants disadvantages
Decrease in the gene pool
Allergies of man to altered plant genetics
Some of the disadvantages are not
proven and can only be speculated
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Standards Addressed
Tenth/eleventh
Grade Science:
Focus on Genetic engineering
and the application to
industry and agriculture
(4) c.
Students know
how genetic
engineering (biotechnology) is
used to produce novel biomedical
and agricultural products
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Standards, cont.
Plant and Soil Science Career Path Cluster
3.14
Students will understand
the principles of
biotechnology in relation to plant protection and
improvement.
3.14.1 Demonstrate an understanding of micro
propagation and genetic engineering.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
3.15
Students will understand
the use of
technology in plant production.
3.15.1 Describe how changes in technology affect
plant production and management.
3.15.2 Describe the ways to keep informed about
advancements in technology that affect plant and
soil science.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Instructional Objectives
Students will be able to identify lab
equipment to be used throughout this
activity.
Student will be able
identify the
advantages and
disadvantages of
super plants.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Instructional Objectives
student will be able to identify
advantages and disadvantages of super
plants.
Student will be able to work in the
laboratory settings with confidence and
success.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Student Activities
Introductory Activity
Review
Safety Precautions
in the laboratory. Not
following safety procedures can have bad effects.
Identification of materials and tools.
Safety concerns when working with biological
materials
Health concerns
Environmental concerns
Proper disposal is important
Understand basic chemical properties of biological
materials.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Enabling Activity
Follow step
-
by
-
step process for setting up
exercise on an individual basis.
Record observations.
Sterilize area to work in.
Prepare receptacle for placing collected
tissue with nutrient agar.
Collect tissue from donor plant.
Implant tissue
Cover and place in appropriate growth
chamber.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Culminating Activity
Check speciums on a regular basis.
Record observations.
Check pH and CO
2
levels, make
adjustments if necessary.
Submit reports as required.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Assessment
–
Lab Report
Lab No. ____
Underline
or highlight all questions (5)
Report is written in blue or black ink (5)
Data table is neat and complete (5)
Data table in filled in accurately (10)
Correctly answer all questions (15)
All illustrations are labeled correctly (5)
Overall neatness (5)
Total Possible Points (50)
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Assessments
-
classroom
Throughout the unit of instruction there are
a series of quizzes and tests.
Included is a safety test. The safety test
must be passed with a 90% or better score
and if not passed is retaken until passed.
All safety tests are kept on file in the
student data folder.
Tests are combinations of True
-
False,
Multiple Choice, and Short Answer.
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Textbooks
Plants from Test Tubes
An introduction to micro propagation 3
rd
edition.
Kyte, Lydiane and Kleyn, John. Timber Press,
Portland. Oregon. 1996. ISBN 0
-
18892
-
361
-
3.
Biology The Web of Life
2
nd
edition. Strauss, Eric and Lisowski, Marylin.
Scott Foresman
–
Addison Wesley
Publishers. 2000. ISBN 0
-
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Web Resources
Biotechnology Terms Dictionary
http://www.ncbiotech.org/aboutbt/glossary.cfm
The Amazing DNA Molecule: Its History,
Structure and Function
by Monique Yvonne Gisser
Http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1999
/5/99.05.02.x.html#c
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
How Cloning Works
by Craig C. Freudenrich, Ph.D.
http://www.howstuffworks.com/cloning1.htm
An Overview of LifeLine
TM
Products for Plant
Tissue
Culture
http://www.osmotek.com/LifeRaftDescription.ht
ml
Chapter 38: Plant Propagation and
Development, Power point 36
-
37
-
38
-
39
http://205.187.104.8/users/thiele/web/apbio/not
es/plants2/chp38_rev.html
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Learning Objectives for General Biology II
http://www.sau.edu/biology/gb2ob1.htm#38
Agricultural Biotechnology: Principles of Plant
Science, Tissue Culturing and Genetic
Engineering
http://agbiotech.tamu.edu/ag_bio_teks.html
Web Resources, cont’d
William L. Love, Calipatria HS
Goals for Next Review
Enter the password to open this PDF file:
File name:
-
File size:
-
Title:
-
Author:
-
Subject:
-
Keywords:
-
Creation Date:
-
Modification Date:
-
Creator:
-
PDF Producer:
-
PDF Version:
-
Page Count:
-
Preparing document for printing…
0%
Σχόλια 0
Συνδεθείτε για να κοινοποιήσετε σχόλιο