C-ITS - PT1601

CEN/TC278 WG16 DT2

PT1601

Cooperative ITS (C
-
ITS): Standardization,
testing and procurement

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

1

Content

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

2

•
Views on cooperative ITS

•
Standardisation

arena

•
International Harmonization

•
Important standards

•
Testing

•
Standards Releases

•
Conclusions

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

3

Views on

Cooperative

Intelligent Transport

Systems

C
-
ITS


What C
-
ITS is!

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

4

Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems
ITS (C
-
ITS)

is
a subset of ITS in which
information
is

•
communicated and

•
shared


between

ITS station
applications

to

facilitate actions and decisions that improve ITS safety,
sustainability, efficiency and comfort

beyond that achievable by stand
-
alone systems
.

ITS communication architecture

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

5

Personal ITS Station

Facilities

N

etworking

&

Transport

Access

Technologies

...

M

a

n

a

g

e

m

e

n

t

S

e

c

u

r

i

t

y

Applications

Vehicle ITS Station

Mobile

Router

N

etworking

&

Transport

Access

Technologies

...

M

a

n

a

g

e

m

e

n

t

S

e

c

u

r

i

t

y

Vehicle

Host

Facilities

N

etworking

&

Transport

Access

Technologies

...

M

a

n

a

g

e

m

e

n

t

S

e

c

u

r

i

t

y

Applications

Vehicle

Gateway

Facilities

N

etworking

&

Transport

Access

Technologies

...

M

a

n

a

g

e

m

e

n

t

S

e

c

u

r

i

t

y

ECU

ECU

N

etworking

&

Transport

Access

Technologies

...

M

a

n

a

g

e

m

e

n

t

Ethernet

S

e

c

u

r

i

t

y

IPv

6

Border

Router

Facilities

N

etworking

&

Transport

Access

Technologies

...

M

a

n

a

g

e

m

e

n

t

Ethernet

S

e

c

u

r

i

t

y

CAN bus

Facilities

N

etworking

&

Transport

Access

Technologies

...

M

a

n

a

g

e

m

e

n

t

S

e

c

u

r

i

t

y

Applications

Ethernet

Central

Host

Central

Gateway

Traffic Centre/Service Centre

Central ITS Station

Roadside ITS Station

5.9

SENS

Ctrl

N

etworking

&

Transport

Access

Technologies

...

M

a

n

a

g

e

m

e

n

t

Ethernet

S

e

c

u

r

i

t

y

IPv

6

Facilities

N

etworking

&

Transport

Access

Technologies

...

M

a

n

a

g

e

m

e

n

t

Ethernet

S

e

c

u

r

i

t

y

CAN bus

Facilities

N

etworking

&

Transport

Access

Technologies

...

M

a

n

a

g

e

m

e

n

t

S

e

c

u

r

i

t

y

Applications

Ethernet

Roadside

Host

N

etworking

&

Transport

Access

Technologies

...

M

a

n

a

g

e

m

e

n

t

5

.

9

GHz

S

e

c

u

r

i

t

y

Ethernet

Access

Router

Loop Detector

Roadside

Gateway

Border

Router

Communication
Network

I
SO

21217
:
2013

What C
-
ITS is not!

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

6

Sustainability

system

Active

Safety

system

Radio box

(3G/LTE,
WiFi
,
Bluetooth, GPS,…)

Radio box

(GPS, 5.9GHz,…)

eCall

system

Radio box

(2G/3G, GPS,…)

EETS

system

Radio box

(2G/3G, GPS,
5.8GHz,…)

Current vehicle
implementations:

Mandated applications implemented in "silos". Duplication of
equipment. No sharing of data.

C
-
ITS is not car
-
centric communications at 5,9 GHz for safety!

C
-
ITS
–

vehicle perspective

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

7




“Open” ITS System

“Hard”

Safety

System

Radio System

(3G, LTE, WiFi, 5.9GHz,
Bluetooth, GPS,
future…)

EETS

Parking

Tunnel

eCall

Infotainment

Vehicle HMI

Sharing of equipment
and data.

C
-
ITS
–

data sharing perspective

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

8















Back Office

Control Centre

Traffic Management Centre

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

9

Standardisation

Arena


Standards organizations

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

10

ISO TC204: ITS

(1993)

New TC starting

ETSI TC ITS

(2007)

IEEE 802.11p

IEEE P1609

J2735

J2945

CEN TC278: RTTT

(1992)

ISO and CEN are leading advocates for technologies
improving safety, security, efficiency and comfort of the
world's transportation
system.

ESF GmbH is contributing to global standardization.

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

11

International
Harmonization


Harmonization between SDOs

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

12

•
ISO
/ CEN work jointly together and aim on
international harmonization with other SDOs and
stakeholders.

•
EU/US task force Harmonization Task Groups
HTG1 and HTG3 checked available standards
from various SDOs and presented
recommendations on harmonization. A set of
reports is publicly available.

•
There are liaisons between major SDOs on the
issue of message sets (BSM, CAM, DENM, SPAT,
...) and the usage of Local Dynamic Map (LDM).

Industry initiatives towards harmonization

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

13

•
Six
major
infrastructure suppliers
announced
their
joint work towards a common set of standards

for Cooperative Mobility services
.

•
European
vehicle manufacturers
announced
a
Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperative
ITS (C
-
ITS)
.

However these
two big groups
have very different
basic requirements.

Harmonization between these groups is a pre
-
requisite for successful procurement.

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

14

Important standards


(C
-
) ITS architecture

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

15

General architectural description of Intelligent Transport
Systems and its cooperative elements.


-
FRAME

-
CEN/ISO

TS

17417
:

Roles

and

responsibilities

-
CEN/ISO

TS

17419
:

Classification

and

management

of

ITS

applications

in

a

global

context

-
ISO

21217
:

Communications

architecture


ITS
-
S architecture (ISO 21217)

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

16

The

ITS
-
S

is

defined

as

a


B
ounded

S
ecured

M
anaged

D
omain
.


There are many other stations
used in ITS already today, which
are not following the principles of
BSMD.


Nevertheless communications
between ITS
-
SUs = BSME and
other ITS station units has to be
possible.

Classification & management of ITS applications
(PT1601 TS
17419
)

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

17

C
-
ITS

uses

ITS
-
S

applications

and

communications

between

ITS
-
SUs

on

the

basis

of

TRUST

(BSME)
.



To establish trust requires

•
globally unique identifiers

which are both
internal and external to
ITS
-
SUs,

•
related registries,

•
certification labs,

•
trust authorities and

•
a public key infrastructure.

ITS
station management

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

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Several management issues are identified:

•
Local station management including interference and
channel congestion management (
ISO 24102
-
1
)

•
Access technology management (
ISO 21218
)

•
Remote station management (
ISO 24102
-
2
)

•
Station
-
internal management communications

(
ISO 24102
-
4
)

•
Path and flow management (
ISO 24102
-
6
)

•
Management of service advertisement (
ISO 24102
-
5
)

•
Management service access points (
ISO 24102
-
3
)


Early implementations do not need to implement all of this.
Management standards are continuously extended.

ITS application requirements for selection of
communication
profiles (PT1601
TS 17423
)

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

19

Connects applications to communications in a future
-
proof
way:

•
ITS
-
S application process
present
requirements
and
objectives

for communications
to the ITS
-
S management

•
ITS
-
S management continuously monitors
status of
available communication tools
.

•
ITS
-
S management continuously monitors
regulations and
policies
.



ITS
-
S management automatically selects and updates
appropriate communication protocol stacks for all flows
of ITS
-
S application processes, see also ISO 24102
-
6.


Scenarios & Technologies

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

20

Required and feasible C
-
ITS scenarios & technologies:


•
Single
-
hop communications using FSAP (
ISO 24102
-
5
)
over FNTP (
ISO 29281
-
1
) and 5,9 GHz (
ISO 21215
).

•
Roadside
–

Vehicle: Short sessions similar to EFC
sessions

and local information dissemination (e.g. SPAT
at intersections)

•
Vehicle
–

Vehicle: Information dissemination (e.g. BSM /
CAM / DENM).


•
Ordinary hot
-
spot communications (
WiFi
) with non
-
moving
stations.


Scenarios & Technologies

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

21

•
End
-
to
-
end communication (e.g. Vehicle
–

Central) using
IPv6

(
ISO
21210, ISO 16788, ISO 16789, ISO 18378, ISO
18380
and others) over
cellular technology (GSM / LTE
)
and Internet.


•
Geo
-
dissemination of information.

•
Using IPv6 over CN and Internet to reach remote
destinations


•
Local dynamic map (LDM) usage.



Scenarios & Technologies

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

22

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

23

Conformance and
Interoperability

Testing



Conformance and interoperability testing

May 2013

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-
ITS standardisation, testing and procurement

24

ISO and CEN selected ETSI to develop test suites and test platforms. For
a number of communication standards from ISO and ETSI, and for
message set based applications from ETSI test suites already exist.


STF 455

funded by the EC under mandate M/453 currently is extending the
C
-
ITS test platform at ETSI to include the test suites for ISO base
standards of communication protocols.


Such a test platform is a prerequisite for conformance testing and
certification of equipment.


A demonstration is planned for the ITS world congress in Japan in autumn
2013
. This test platform will be available from 2014
on for plug
-
tests.
Please provide your implementation of FNTP, FSAP, IICP and ISO 21218
asap

to STF 455!

Contact us:
tp@its
-
testing.org



Conformance and interoperability testing

May 2013

C
-
ITS standardisation, testing and procurement

25

SUT
ITS test system
Test adapter
ITS lower
layers
Test control
TTCN
-
3
test components
Upper tester
transport
C
o
d
e
c
Upper tester
application
ITS lower
layers
Upper tester
transport
IUT
Port
Port Upper
tester
Lower layers link
Upper tester transport link
May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

26

Standards Releases


Standards release 1 for C
-
ITS

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

27

•
The
definition of a
Release 1

for
C
-
ITS at CEN, ETSI
and
ISO started. It is expected that a
Release


–
aims
on identifying a set of standards which "
fit
together"

–
allowing development of
conformant
implementations by
selection of
those standards required for a specific
conformance profile
.

However ETSI is solely working on an
ETSI Release 1
,
ignoring standards from CEN and ISO. Comparing the
current "official" ETSI proposal and a
proposal made
by CEN/ISO experts
, almost no overlap is given.

ETSI Release 1 for C
-
ITS

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

28

In April 2013 ETSI TC ITS approved the ETSI Release
1 for C
-
ITS. This release is understood as a "list of
standards", which

•
is not complete (as a set)

•
refers partly to non
-
completed standards

•
does not define conformance profiles for equipment

•
does not provide guidelines of usage

•
refers to standards which are identified to be
unfortunate (see report from EU/US HTG 1&3)

•
refers to standards which are covered by IPRs

ISO Release for C
-
ITS

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

29

ISO TC204 approved a resolution on a release for C
-
ITS and created work items for conformity profiles:

•
considering all relevant standards, not just ISO
standards

•
is preparing this in a joint cooperation with CEN

•
aims on providing guidelines for usage

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

30

Conclusions on
Harmonization


Harmonization topics

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

31

Technical harmonization:

•
EU/US HTG1&3 recommendation

–
Merge IEEE WSMP and ISO FNTP into a single protocol

–
Merge IEEE WSA and ISO FSAP into a single protocol

•
Local dynamic map (LDM)

•
Various message sets from CEN, ISO, ETSI, SAE

–
BSM (SAE) vs. CAM/DENM (ETSI): co
-
existence planned

–
Other message sets: harmonization planned.

Harmonization topics

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

32

"Political" harmonization

•
How to bring together car manufacturers, road
operators / city authorities, cellular network
operators?

•
How to comply in a vehicle ITS
-
SU with the
requirements for infrastructure C
-
ITS?

•
How to agree on a viable and efficient protocol for
geo
-
dissemination of information?


Terminology

API

Application Programming Interface

BSM

Basic Safety Message (SAE J2735)

BSMD

Bounded Secured Managed Domain (functional view)

BSME

Bounded Secured Managed Entity (physical unit, implementation of a BSMD)

C
-
ITS

Cooperative ITS

CAM

Cooperative Awareness Message (ETSI EN 302 637
-
2)

DENM

Decentralized Environmental Notification Message (ETSI EN 302 637
-
3
)

DOT

Department of
Transport

EFC

Electronic Fee Collection

FSAP

Fast Service Advertisement Protocol (ISO 24102
-
5)

FNTP

Fast Networking & Transport layer Protocol (ISO 29281
-
1)

IICP

ITS station
-
Internal management Communications Protocol (ISO 24102
-
4)

ITS

Intelligent Transport Systems

ITS
-
AID

ITS Application Identifier

ITS
-
S

ITS Station (functional view)

ITS
-
SU

ITS Station Unit (physical unit, implementation of an ITS
-
S)

LDM

Local Dynamic Map

PKI

Public Key Infrastructure

PT

Project Team (expert team at CEN)

SAE

Society of Automotive Engineers (in USA)

SAP

Service Access
Point

SPAT

Signal Phase And Time message

STF

Specialist Task Force (expert team at ETSI)

WAVE

Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (IEEE set of standards)

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

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C
-
ITS web sites

General:

http://its
-
standards.info


http://
its
-
standards.info/Feeds/cits.rss


ISO related:

http://calm.its
-
standards.info

http
://
coopsys.its
-
standards.info


CEN related:

http://
pt1601.its
-
standards.info


ETSI related:

http://
stf455.its
-
testing.org




May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

34

ESF GmbH

Hans
-
Joachim Fischer

Fichtenweg 9

D
-
89143 Blaubeuren

Germany

HJFischer@fischer
-
tech.eu

http://www.fischer
-
tech.eu

phone: +49 7344 175 340

fax: +49 7344 919 123

LECIT Consulting SrL

Fausto Caneschi

Via Santa Maria 25

56126 Pisa

Italy

fausto.caneschi@lecitconsulting.it

http://www.lecitconsulting.it

phone: +39 335 7122 730

SRA, Inc.

Richard Roy

3351 Shady Spring Ln

Mountain View, CA 94040
-
4582

dickroy@alum.mit.edu

USA

phone: +1 650 861 3351

Members of PT1601

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

35

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

36

PT1601 technical details


P
lease read drafts still being in CEN / ISO
ballot for comments and provide feedback!

Simplified architecture (TS 17423)

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

37

All

entities

(applications)

using

communications

services

from

"Simplified

communications"

are

referred

to

as

"
ITS
-
S

application

processes
"
:

(ISO

21217
)

•
ITS
-
S

applications

(ISO

21217
)

•
ITS
-
S

facility

applications

(ISO

21217
)

•
CAM

generator

(ETSI

TC

IST

WG
1
)

•
ITS
-
S

management

applications

(ISO

21217
)

•
IICP

(ISO

24102
-
4
)

•
FSAP

(ISO

24102
-
5
)

•
Remote

management

(ISO

24102
-
6
)

•
ITS
-
S

security

applications

(ISO

21217
)

•
Other

applications


Classification

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

38

ITS
-
S

application

processes
:

•
certified

for

BSMD

and

identified

by

an

ITS
-
AID

•
ITS
-
S

application,

ITS
-
S

facilities

application,

ITS
-
S

management

application,

ITS
-
S

security

application

•
authorized

(=mandatory

or

conditional)

•
permitted

(=optional

)

•
not

certified

for

BSMD

and

without

ITS
-
AID

•
Other

application


A

single

ITS

application

certified

for

BSMD

and

identified

by

a

value

of

ITS
-
AID

might

result

in

N

ITS
-
S

application

processes

of

which

each

may

be

implemented

by

M

software

developers
.

Each

implementation

of

each

such

ITS
-
S

application

process

refers

to

the

same

ITS
-
AID,

but

gets

its

own

certificate!

Comm. profile selection (TS 17423)

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

39

ITS
-
S

application

processes

reside

in

the

ITS
-
S

applications

entity,

the

ITS
-
S

management

entity,

the

IST
-
S

facilities

layer

and

the

ITS
-
S

management

entity
.


Other applications

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

40

A

gateway

functionality

allows

other

applications

to

have

restricted

access

to

the

ITS
-
S

services

of

an

ITS
-
SU
.


Comm. requirements (TS 17423)

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

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Comm. requirements (TS 17423)

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

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Comm. requirements (TS 17423)

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

43


Comm. requirements (TS 17423)

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

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Entities and their roles (TS 17419
)

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

45

ITS
-
S
object

Entity
used in ITS related to ITS
-
S management that may
require a
globally unique
identifier. Examples are ITS
application objects, ITS message sets
, ITS
-
S
communication protocols, ITS
-
S units, ITS
-
S
communication units.

ITS
-
S object
owner


Entity
which is responsible for the specification (design),
maintenance
and registration
of ITS
-
S objects, often a
standards development organization or
an industry
special
interest group such as the "Society of Automotive
Engineers
" (
SAE). Examples are ITS application object
owners, ITS message sets owners
, ITS
-
S
communication
protocol owners
.


Entities and their roles (TS 17419
)

May 2013

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-
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46

ITS
application
object

Entity
that provides an ITS service to the user as specified
in ISO 21217
. Examples
are ITS applications and ITS
application classes.

ITS message
set

Set
of ITS messages designed for an ITS
-
related purpose
as specified
in ISO
21217.

ITS
-
S
communication protocol

Protocol
used in a communication protocol stack of an
ITS
-
S


Entities and their roles (TS 17419
)

May 2013

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-
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47

ITS
-
S
unit (
ITS
-
SU)

Physical
instantiation of an ITS station specified in ISO
21217. An ITS
-
SU
may consist
of one single ITS
-
SCU, or
several ITS
-
SCUs interconnected via an
ITS station
internal network. An ITS
-
SU is also referred to as
"Bounded
Secured Managed
Entity" as specified in ISO
21217.

ITS
-
S communication
unit (
ITS
-
SCU)

Physical instantiation of a part of an ITS
-
SU as specified in
ISO 21217
.


Entities and their roles (TS 17419
)

May 2013

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-
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48

ITS equipment manufacturer

Manufacturer of ITS
-
SUs and ITS
-
SCUs.

ITS
-
S application
process developer

Developer (manufacturer) of ITS
-
S application processes
for usage in
ITS
-

SUs
.


Identifiers and addresses (TS 17419
)

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

49

ITS
-
AID

An
ITS application identifier is used to uniquely identify an
ITS application or
an ITS
application class. It is used to
advertise
services,
and for secure installation and real
-
time
operation of
ITS
-
S application processes
in an ITS
-
SU. All
ITS
-
S applications shall have an ITS
-
AID
assigned to
them
prior to installation in an ITS
-
SU.

ITS
-
AOOID

An
ITS application object owner identifier is used to uniquely
identify an owner
of specifications
of ITS application objects.

ITS
-
EMID

An
ITS equipment manufacturer identifier is used to
uniquely identify
a manufacturer
of ITS equipment
.


Identifiers and addresses (TS 17419
)

May 2013

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-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

50

ITS
-
FlowTypeID


An
ITS
-
FlowTypeID

is used to uniquely identify an ITS flow
type. It is used in
the communication
profile selection
process specified in CEN/ISO TS 17423
. An
ITS flow type is
a set of communication requirements and objectives
specified in
CEN/ISO TS 17423 and used by the ITS
-
S
management to select an
optimum ITS
-
S
communication
profile. An ITS flow type may be identified by a
globally
unique
well
-
known ITS flow type identifier (ITS
-
FlowTypeID
).

ITS
-
LCHID

An
ITS logical channel identifier is used to uniquely identify
an ITS logical
channel in
the ITS
-
S communication profile
selection process specified
in CEN/ISO
TS 17423
.


Identifiers and addresses (TS 17419
)

May 2013

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-
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ITS
-
MsgSetID

An
ITS message set identifier is used to uniquely identify an
ITS message set
. ITS
-
S
applications may construct PDUs
using messages from any registered
ITS message
set, and
may also consume such messages through
publish/subscribe mechanisms
in ITS
-
SUs.

ITS
-
MSOID

An
ITS message set owner identifier is used to uniquely
identify an owner
of specifications
of ITS message sets
.


Identifiers and addresses (TS 17419
)

May 2013

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-
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52

ITS
-
PN

An
ITS port number is used in an ITS
-
SCU to uniquely
identify for a
given transport
protocol, e.g.
FNTP,
an entity or
protocol in the
ITS
-
S facilities
layer. Globally unique,
registered well
-
known port numbers and
local dynamically
assigned port numbers are used.

ITS
-
PRID

An
ITS policy region identifier is used to uniquely identify an
ITS policy
region (
ITS
-
PR) in the ITS
-
S communication
profile selection process specified
in CEN/ISO
TS 17423.
Different types of policy regions may be distinguished.


ITS
-
AID registry (TS 17419)

functional description

May 2013

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-
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53

ITS
-
AID: ITS application ID


registry

ITS
-
AOOID: ITS Application Object
Owner ID (designer)


registry


ITS
-
MsgSet
-
ID registry (TS 17419
)

functional
description

May 2013

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-
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54

ITS
-
MsgSet
-
ID
: ITS
message set ID


registry

ITS
-
MSOID: ITS Message Set
Owner ID
(designer)


registry


ITS
-
SCU registry (TS 17419
)

functional description

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

55

ITS
-
EMID
: ITS
equipment manufacturer ID


registry

ITS
-
SCUID: Serial number of ITS
-
SCU


registry


ITS
-
S application process (TS 17419
)

functional description

May 2013

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-
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56

ITS
-
APDID
: ITS
application process developer ID


registry


ITS
-
SCU credentials (TS 17419
)

functional description

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

57


Communications (TS 17419
)

functional description

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

58


ITS
-
S application process provisioner (TS 17419
)

functional description

May 2013

C
-
ITS standarisation, testing and procurement

59