BASIC UNDERSTANDING
OF
INTERNET AND WEB
BRIDGE COURSE
of
INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY
Activity No. 8
Objective s of the activity
On the completion of this activity, students are able to
Learn basics of Internet
Know types of Network
Learn how to access the Internet
Learn the structure of World Wide Web (www)
2
Types of Network
3
Network
:
It
is
a
collection
of
interconnected
computers
and
other
devices
to
share
information
,
files
and
hardware
resources
.
Basic
Types
:
LAN
MAN
WAN
LOCAL AREA NETWORK
4
A
LAN
(local
area
network)
is
a
group
of
computers
and
network
devices
connected
together,
usually
within
the
same
building
/
site
.
METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK
5
A
MAN
(metropolitan
area
network)
is
a
larger
network
that
usually
spans
several
buildings
in
the
same
city
or
town
.
A
metropolitan
area
network
(MAN)
is
a
network
that
interconnects
users
with
computer
resources
in
a
geographic
area
or
region
larger
than
large
local
area
network
(LAN)
but
smaller
than
the
area
covered
by
a
wide
area
network
(WAN)
.
WIDE AREA NETWORK
6
A
wide
area
network
(WAN)
is
a
computer
network
that
spans
a
relatively
large
geographical
area
and
consists
of
two
or
more
interconnected
local
area
networks
(LANs)
The Internet is an example of a worldwide public WAN.
What is the Internet?
7
Internet
is
an
inter
-
connection
between
several
computers
of
different
types
belonging
to
various
networks
all
over
the
globe
.
It is a network of networks.
WHAT IS WEB ?
8
The
Web
is
a
world
of
information
available
at
the
click
of
a
mouse
.
To
use
it,
you
need
a
computer/Smart
phones,
a
connection
to
the
Internet,
and
a
Web
browser
.
WWW
(World
Wide
Web)
:
WWW
is
a
series
of
servers
that
are
interconnected
through
hypertext
.
Hypertext
is
a
method
of
presenting
information
in
which
certain
text
is
highlighted
(Hyperlink)
that,
when
selected,
displays
more
information
on
the
particular
topic
.
Common Terminologies related to www are:
9
Web Browser
Web Server
Homepage
HTML
HTTP
URL
ISP
Web Browser
10
Web
Browser
—
The
browser
is
the
program
which
is
necessary
for
surfing
the
internet
.
For
Example
:
Google
Chrome
Mozilla
Firefox
Opera
Safari
Internet
Explorer
Web Server
11
Web
server
—
is
a
place
where
web
pages
reside
.
When
User
request
,
it
responds
with
required
web
page
on
user’s
computer
.
HomePage,HTML,HTTP
12
Home
page
—
is
the
first
hypertext
document
displayed
when
the
user
follows
a
link
to
the
Web
server
.
Hypertext
Markup
Language
(HTML)
—
is
the
encoding
scheme
used
to
create
a
Web
document
.
Hypertext
Transfer
Protocol
(HTTP)
—
is
a
protocol
used
on
the
Web
to
transfer
hypertext
documents
.
A
protocol
is
a
set
of
rules
that
the
computers
use
to
communicate
logically
.
URL,ISP
13
Uniform
Resource
Locator
(URL)
—
is
a
Web
addressing
scheme
that
spells
out
the
exact
location
of
an
Internet
resource
.
When
the
user
clicks
on
a
link,
the
browser
reads
the
link
to
the
document
.
The
information
about
the
link
is
provided
to
the
browser
by
the
URL
.
http
:
//
www
.
google
.
com
http
:
//
www
.
gtu
.
ac
.
in
Internet
Service
Provider
(ISP)
:
An
Internet
service
provider
(ISP,
also
called
Internet
access
provider)
is
a
business
or
organization
that
offers
users
access
to
the
Internet
and
related
services
.
ACCESSING INTERNET
14
To access internet , users need to contact ISP
like BSNL , MTNL etc.
Entering a URL in Browser
15
Location Box
Enter
URL’s
here
(or
Web Address
)
http
://www.gmail.com
http
://www.gmail.com
Press
Enter
Response in web browser
16
References
17
http://en.wikipedia.org
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_network
http://www.google.com/imghp
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