Gene Doping and Genetic Engineering

AMANDA DRAEGER

&

DON VEDEEN

Genetic Engineering

Group Discussion


Designer Baby Game

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ixEDLa3Jlc


Designer Baby Game
-
Traits


Hair: Blonde, black, brown, red


Eyes: Brown, blue, green, hazel


Height: 4’10”, 5’2”, 5’8”,6’1”, 6’6”


Weight: Underweight, lean, average, overweight, obese


Right or Left
-
handed


Athletic Potential: None, average, below average, champion, Hall of
fame


Sex
-

Male or female


IQ
-
70, 85, 100, 115, 130+


Grab Bag: Music, theater, poetry, painting, reading, curious, shy,
outspoken, creative, animal lover, cooking, sewing, handy man,
hunting, disrespectful, funny, diabetes, politician, autism, and cystic
fibrosis

Gene Therapy


Gene therapy may be defined as the transfer
of genetic material to human cells for the
treatment, or prevention of a disease or
disorder. Genetic materials can be DNA,
RNA or genetically altered cells.


(The Netherlands Centre for Doping affairs)




The Process of Gene Therapy







Success Stories of Gene Therapy


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mhwOzNP0E40
Produced by Steve Yeager


Current health conditions gene therapy has been
used to treat:


Cystic fibrosis


Factor IX Deficiency (Haemophilia B)


Melanoma



Would you want to know your risk to certain
diseases?


What if it were an incurable disease?


If so, would you pay to get screened?





What is Gene Doping?


According to
WADA,
gene or cell doping
is defined
as
‘the non
-
therapeutic use
of genes
, genetic elements
and/or cells that have the capacity to enhance athletic
performance
’ [
The World Anti
-
Doping
Agency].



The techniques involved in gene doping come from the
techniques of gene therapy. In gene therapy the goal is
treatment and requires the replacement of a defective
gene or expression of a therapeutic gene.



Gene doping aims to improve athletic performance by
increasing or decreasing production of endogenous
molecules.



Gene Doping and Gene Therapy

Health Risks:


Cancer


Serious Immune Response


Toxicity


Increased chances of stroke and heart attack


Increased potential for tendon and bone tears or
fractures


Human Genome Project

Project goals were to


identify

all the approximately 20,000
-
25,000 genes in
human DNA


determine

the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base
pairs that make up human DNA


store

this information in databases


improve

tools for data analysis


transfer

related technologies to the private sector, and


address

the ethical, legal, and social issues that may
arise from the project.


http://www.youtube.com/genometv#p/u/94/Apjebtal8bQ


Genetic Engineering in Sport


Imagine this: at the Olympic games in London in
2012, a little known athlete surprises everyone in the
men’s 100 meters, thrashing the established favorite
by almost a whole second. “Is he on drugs?” everyone
asks. Tests find nothing, and he is labeled a freak of
nature. But are his achievements thanks to natural
ability or are they down to genetic modification?
(Brixey & Gould)



http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sdKBxV5SDqo



Genetic Engineering
-
Things to Think About


Insurance Premiums


Genetic winners and losers


Genetic Screening

Questions:

1. Will there be divisions of competition based on an individuals
genetic history?

2.What kinds of leisure will be available for 125
-
year
-
old people in
good health?

3. Would there be segregated recreational programming based on
genetics?


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jY
-
868_HDbs


References



YouTube
-

DNA Gene Therapy . (2009, December 16).

YouTube
-

Broadcast Yourself.
.
Retrieved September 14, 2010, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mhwOzNP0E40



YouTube
-

Ethical Concerns With Genetic Engineering . (2006, December 5).

YouTube
-

Broadcast Yourself.
. Retrieved September 14, 2010, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jY
-
868_HDbs



YouTube
-

Genome TV's Channel . (2009, November 19).

YouTube
-

Broadcast Yourself.
.
Retrieved September 14, 2010, from http://www.youtube.com/genometv#p/u/94/Apjebtal8bQ


Brixey, R., & Gould, D. (n.d.). sBMJ | Genetic engineering in sport.
sBMJ | The international resource
for students on the medical world
. Retrieved September 14, 2010, from
http://archive.student.bmj.com/issues/08/07/education/282.php


News. (2009, March 3). YouTube
-

Designer Babies? .

YouTube
-

Broadcast Yourself.
.
Retrieved September 14, 2010, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ixEDLa3Jlc


First Genetically Modified Embryo. (2009, March 20).
Children of God for Life
. Retrieved September
14, 2010, from http://www.cogforlife.org/geneticmodifiedembryo.htm


Godbey, G. (2006). Technology.
Leisure And Leisure Services in the 21st Century: Toward Mid
Century

(pp. 31
-
34). State College: Venture Pub.


Haisma, D. H. (n.d.). Gene Doping.
Google
. Retrieved September 14, 2010, from
http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:Q_VHQ9jrzccJ:www.genedoping.com/docs/
Gene%2520Doping.pdf+Netherlands+Centre+for+Doping+affairs+gene+doping&hl=en&gl=us


Parker, R. (2002, October 2). FuturePundit: Athletic Genetic Manipulation To Be Banned.
FuturePundit
. Retrieved September 14, 2010, from
http://www.futurepundit.com/archives/000222.html