Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Soybean Suspensions
James D. Wilson
STEP Science Camp
May 21 to June 1, 2001
Advisor: Antoine Al
-
Achi, Ph.D.
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Introduction
Soybean has been cultivated in China for
thousands of years.
Currently, the United States is the main
producer of Soybean worldwide.
Soybean is commonly used in food industry,
especially in Asia.
Soybean is rich in proteins and oil. It contains
all the essential proteins needed for life.
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Objectives
To prepare suspensions containing
soybean powder with different suspending
agents.
To test the ability of soybean powder to
act as a suspending agent itself.
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Soybean Formulas
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Phosphate Buffer Solution
Potassium Phosphate, Monobasic (0.2 M)
250 ml
Sodium Hydroxide (0.2 M)
145.5 ml
Purified Water qs. ad.
1 liter
pH = 7.00
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Formula 1: Soybean Control
Soybean
12 g
Glycerin
3.2 ml
Orange Oil
2 Drops
Syrup, NF
2 ml
Buffer Solution (pH = 7.0) qs
60 ml
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Formula 2: Soybean with Tween
20
Soybean
12 g
Glycerin
3.2 ml
Orange Oil
2 Drops
Syrup, NF
2 ml
Tween 20
5 ml
Buffer Solution (pH = 7.0) qs
60 ml
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Formula 3: Soybean with Acacia
and Gum Tragacanth
Soybean
12 g
Glycerin
3.2 ml
Orange Oil
2 Drops
Syrup, NF
2 ml
Acacia
1.5 g
Gum Tragacanth
0.3 g
Buffer Solution (pH = 7.0) qs
60 ml
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Formula 4: Soybean with
Bentonite Magma
Soybean
12 g
Glycerin
3.2 ml
Orange Oil
2 Drops
Syrup, NF
2 ml
Bentonite
Magma
12 ml
Buffer Solution (pH = 7.0) qs
60 ml
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Results
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Control By Time (hrs)
Control By Time (hrs)
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Tween By Time (hrs)
Tween By Time (hrs)
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Acacia/Tragacanth By Time (hrs)
Acacia/Tragacanth By Time (hrs)
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Bentonite Magma By Time (hrs)
Bentonite By Time (hrs)
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Sedimentation Volume (F)
Suspension Type
F Value
†
Control
0.74
±
0.056
Tween 20
0.68
±
0.094
Acacia & Gum Tragacanth
0.83
±
0.034
Bentonite Magma
0.87
±
0.024
†
Mean
±
S.D. (n = 6)
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Degree of Flocculation (
)
Suspension Type
Value
†
Control
1.00
Tween 20
0.98
±
0.14
Acacia & Gum Tragacanth
1.20
±
0.05
Bentonite Magma
1.26
±
0.03
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
†
Mean
±
S.D. (n = 6)
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Calamine Lotion with Soybean
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Formula 1: Calamine Lotion
Control
Calamine
4.8 g
Zinc Oxide
4.8 g
Glycerin
1.2 ml
Lime Water qs ad.
60 ml
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Formula 2: Calamine Lotion with
Bentonite Magma
Calamine
4.8 g
Zinc Oxide
4.8 g
Glycerin
1.2 ml
Bentonite Magma
24 ml
Lime Water qs ad.
60 ml
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Formula 3: Calamine Lotion with
Soybean
Calamine
4.8 g
Zinc Oxide
4.8 g
Glycerin
1.2 ml
Soybean Suspension (5%)
24 ml
Lime Water qs ad.
60 ml
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Results
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Calamine Lotion Control by Time
(
hrs)
Control By Time (hrs)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Control
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
TimeC (Hrs)
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Calamine Lotion with Bentonite
Magma by Time (hrs)
Bentonite By Time (hrs)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Bentonite
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Time (hrs)
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Calamine Lotion with Soybean by
Time (hrs)
Soybean By Time (hrs)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Soybean
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Time (hrs)
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Sedimentation Volume (F)
Suspension Type
F Value
†
Control
0.39
±
0.04
Soybean
0.23
±
0.02
Bentonite Magma
0.69
±
0.05
†
Mean
±
S.D. (n = 6)
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Degree of Flocculation (
)
Suspension Type
Value
†
Control
1.00
Soybean
0.63
±
0.03
Bentonite Magma
1.84
±
0.10
†
Mean
±
S.D. (n = 6)
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Soybean suspensions made with different
suspending agents showed that bentonite
magma produced the best dispersion as
compared to the other formulations. This
was evident by the settling rate,
sedimentation volume (F), and degree of
flocculation (
)
.
Conclusion
Campbell
University/STEP
James D. Wilson/Antoine Al
-
Achi
Conclusion (Continued)
When soybean dispersion (5%) was
compared to bentonite magma in the
preparation of calamine lotion, bentonite
magma produced a much better
dispersion than that with soybean. This
conclusion was reached based on
comparing the settling rate, sedimentation
volume, and degree of flocculation of
suspensions made by these two agents.
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